High Crime Rates And Stricter Law - 1231 Words

Over population in prisons are becoming a frequent problem. High crime rates and stricter law are causes a mass incarnation level. Due to budget cuts Ohio is letting 6,000 convicted felons out early. Prisoners with low-level drug offences are eligible for early releasement. These criminals will be released to half-way houses. There they will be monitored by probation officers who will help them reenter society. This was a new idea presented by the prison chief Gary Mohr. He presented a new budget to the Ohioan government with the idea to spend less money on prisons and more money towards rehabilitation programs. Chief Morh’s argumentative point was, â€Å"Do we invest in people or in bricks and mortar? To build and operate one prison for two decades would cost Ohioans one billion dollars†. Keeping jails operating is a hefty expenses. A study by Public Safety Performance Project of the Pew Charitable Trusts showed that Ohio’s crime rate dropped 23% in 1993 -20 12 but surprisingly incarceration rate rose 17%. Hopes for the rerelease is to save the state tax payers money, as well as, to fix a broken system. I believe that the Nixon’s war on drugs campaign, produced inefficient drug laws and taxpayer money should be spent on rehabilitation programs rather than building brink and morters. I understand that money controls the world, and there is no denying that our country is in massive debt. Each state is trying to find the best ways to budget tax payer’s money. Is cutting theShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Stricter Gun Control Laws924 Words   |  4 PagesThe debate over stricter gun laws has been ongoing in the United States for quite some time now. Individuals who oppose stricter gun control laws argue that the second amendment to the constitution of the United States constitute part of the bill of rights that protect the right of American citizens to bear arms, and any attempt to set up laws for gun control will be a direct violation of this (Hofstadter 10). They argue that the primary purpose of the amendment was to ensure that American CitizensRead MoreThe Debate Over Stricter Gun Control929 Words   |  4 Pages Gun Control in the United States The debate over stricter gun laws has been ongoing in the United States for quite some time now. Individuals who oppose stricter gun control laws argue that the second amendment to the constitution of the United States constitute part of the bill of rights that protect the right for American citizens to bear arms, and any attempt to set up laws for gun control will be a direct violation on this (Hofstadter 10). They argue that theRead MoreNo Guns More Crime : Gun Control Laws And Regulations Across The United States1486 Words   |  6 PagesNo Guns More Crime A growing number of states in the US have passed stricter gun policies for citizens to own bare arms. The almighty goal is to have all the guns taken away from gun owners and future gun owners. The policies have adjusted citizens to go through a process just to obtain a gun license or permit. For example, rigorous background checks and sponsorship from law enforcement. This process contradicts the 2nd Amendment from the U.S Constitution. Every American has the constitutionalRead MoreThe Modern Debate Concerning Gun Control1490 Words   |  6 Pagesmodern debate concerning gun control became a popular subject after a number of high profile assassinations that occurred in the 60s. Even more gun violence in the 1980’s and 90’s also brought up more debate, proving the desperate need for stricter gun laws in the United States. In 1999, there was a massacre at Columbine High School. This catastrophic school shooting made congress reconsider passing stronger gun co ntrol laws by making them realize how easy it was to get a hold of firearms. One side ofRead MorePros And Cons Of Gun Control738 Words   |  3 Pagesother countries that have stricter gun laws showing that crime has not dropped with increased gun control measures, nor has it affected a decline in homicide rates. Other reports have shown that countries with more lenient gun policies have been able to prevent criminals from committing crimes against armed citizens. Enacting strict gun policies would create an environment where crime rates would rise. Guns are only a tool used in killing people and assisting in crimes. The real issue comes downRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Laws1017 Words   |  5 PagesHUM2020 11/5/16 Gun Laws Hello I will be discussing current gun laws. Basically, I will be disputing the statement that we in American should have stricter gun laws in all cities in efforts to keep down gun related crimes and murders. Compared to states that have strict gun laws, states that have lax or no gun laws do not have less crime rates. In fact, out of the 50 states that allow citizens to have a concealed weapons license only about 10 have crime rates that need their laws to be revamped. ThatRead MoreThe History Of Gun Control1605 Words   |  7 Pagesmillion others unable to defend themselves were exterminated.† Joe Wurzelbacher. The history of gun control legislation started in the 1920s-1930, which made it so that the states and congress could make laws on guns, before this congress had no say on guns and this made it possible for them to create laws. The National Firearm Act of 1934 made it so that owners must register any sawed-off shotguns with the Treasury department and it also levied a $200 tax on the manufacturing or sale of machine guns.Read MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control739 Words   |  3 Pagescontrol it’s the safest route to follow because it can lower the rates of the amount of gun related crimes such as murder, and robbery being committed. But the most important thing is that it can provide is safety, putting more stricter laws on owning a firearm and who can would make a lot more people feel safer in our country. When incidents like mass shootings happen the first resolution people would turn to is more stricter laws on gun control. And then after blaming the person for what hasRead MoreGun Laws Should Not Be Stricter Gun Control858 Words   |  4 Pagesthe easy access to guns is the primary cause for high rates of crime plaguing the United States. On the other side are people who argue that gun laws will not prevent criminals from obtaining guns, since they will continue to get them illegally. Guns are used for protection when in the hands of people who obey the law. It is crucial to not hinder law-abiding citizen’s ability to possess firearms with stricter gun laws, since gun laws do not lower crime, and guns can keep people safe. One of the biggestRead MorePotential Consequences of Stricter Gun Laws Essay549 Words   |  3 Pagesa Harvard study that discovered â€Å"Nations with stringent anti-gun laws generally have substantially higher murder rates than those that do not†. This helps support why the U.S does not need stricter gun laws. Three consequences that would come from stricter gun laws are that they would increase violent crimes, impede the 2nd amendment rights, and we are also not enforcing the laws that we already have in effect. The violent crimes would increase with less legal firearms because less people would

A Brief Note On Fighting Alzheimer s Disease - 1038 Words

Shay Haluzak ELA 6-7 Mrs. Greenwood Research Paper January 18, 2017 Fighting Alzheimer’s â€Å"So now, we feel it is important to share it with you. In opening our hearts, we hope this might promote greater awareness of this condition. Perhaps it will encourage a clearer understanding of the individuals and families who are affected by it.† This was part of the fortieth president Ronald Reagan’s speech announcing the start of his battle with Alzheimer’s Disease that would last ten years (Adams 21). Alzheimer’s is a disease that affects millions of Americans each year. Fortunately, doctors know what symptoms to look for in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, where it affects the part of the brain†¦show more content†¦Daily tasks such as eating, bathing, walking, and talking become a lot harder (Adams 38). This all happens because of proteins called Beta-Amyloid proteins, which are proteins that clump and form plaque on the brains of people with AD (99). The proteins cause neurons in the brain to lose communication and die (61). Though there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, there are aids that can help. There are two medications that help slow down the progression, memantine and cholinesterase inhibitors (Adams 68). There are also simple everyday things people can do to decrease their risk of AD such as exercise (71). Long-term memories tend to last longer than more recent experiences so looking at old photos can also help (72). Early diagnosis can really help, it will give doctors a chance to put the person on medication that will slow down the progression of AD (24). Mental exercise and frequent social interactions have shown to help reduce risks (84). Even though many people have suffered with Alzheimer’s disease, Ronald Reagan is just one case. On November 5, 1994 former president of the United States, Ronald Reagan announced the beginning of his battle with AD (Wagner 92). He announced the start by sitting down and writing a heartfelt speech to the public about raising awareness for the disease and helping other families who are dealing with AD have a clearer understanding about it (Adams 21). Even though ReaganShow MoreRelatedThe Inter-Relationship between Stress and the Human Immune System upon Health Outcomes3142 Words   |  13 Pagesof chronic stressors include sleep deprivation, role strain and social isolation (Elliott and Eisdorfer, 1982). Chronic stress within an individual is often associated with negativity, and the observable physical manifestations include exhaustion, disease and even death (Rice, 1999). Individual differences in responding to stress are influenced by genetics, developmental and environmental influences, as well as being linked with ones own life experiences (McEwen and Stellar, 1993). However, stress

Useful Tips For Your Essays Exams Free Essays

Useful Tips for Essays Exams If you’re starting your exams this week, got presentations, or an innumerable number of essays to hand in. We wish you all the best. For exams, remember to sleep early, wake up fresh, and go prepared to write your heart out. We will write a custom essay sample on Useful Tips For Your Essays Exams or any similar topic only for you Order Now You do not always have to remember everything you read word for word. Feel free to include your opinion and common sense in answering some questions. For essays, make sure you answer the question, and if you are not sure, email us. Always include an introduction, body and conclusion, and funny as it may seem, having a table of contents, and a logical structure could gain you marks!!! While answering an exam or essay question, remember this useful tip: Start with explaining what you want to write (Introduction), then write what you are meant to write (Body), and then summarise everything you just wrote (Conclusion). Once again, sleep early for exams; answer your essay questions; avoid plagiarism at all cost; and contact us if you need any help. Additional resources to assist you Here are some additional resources on our site Journal to assist you. You may just want to take sometime out to read the short articles. They could be really useful: How to Minimize Exam Stress How to Relax When You’re Suffering from Exam Nerves How to Prepare for an Exam How to Build Your Exam Confidence Practical Tips for Examination Success Remember we can also help with Exam Notes – an extensive summary of your reading list that could help speed up your revision process. How to cite Useful Tips For Your Essays Exams, Essay examples

Learning and Life free essay sample

when life gives you a hundred reasons to cry, show life that you have a thousand reasons to smile. I always knew looking back on the tears will make me laugh, but I never knew looking back on the laughs would make me cry advice is what we ask for when we already know the answer but wish we didn’t you can close your eyes to things you don’t want to see, but you cant close your heart to the things you don’t want to feel you’ve got to take the good with the bad, smile with the sad, love what you’ve got, and remember what you had. Always forgive, but never forget.Learn from mistakes, but never regret life isn’t waiting for the storm to pass.. it’s learning to dance in the rain I’ve learned that things change, people change, and it doesn’t mean you forget that past or try to cover it up. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning and Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It simply means that you move on and treasure the memories. every passing minute is another chance to turn it all around never regret something that made you smile I think that the only reason people hold onto memories are the only things that don’t change. When everybody else does you don’t stop playing because you grow old.You grow old because you stop playing just because its not what you were expecting, doesn’t mean its not everything you’ve been waiting for I like to pretend that everything’s alright. Because when everybody else thinks you’re fine, sometimes you forget for a while that you’re not at one point of your life, you either have the thing you want or the reasons why you don’t want I am the author of my life. Unfortunately I’m writing in pen and can’t erase my mistakes. not all scars shows. Not all wounds heal. Sometimes you can’t see, the pain someone feels. in three words, I can sum up everything I’ve learned about life.There are some things in life that aren’t meant to last. They just take place in our lives so we will be smarter next time. Never look back unless you are planning to go that way. I love the way I can be having the worst day of my life and simply talking to you completely changes my mood. life dosent give you the people you want. Instead it gives you the ones you need, to teach you, to hurt you, to love you and to make exactly the way you should be life is about taking risks and never giving up hope, no matter how lost you are, everyone eventually finds their own way. Tears are simply the raindrops from the storms inside of us

Romeo and Juliet- act 3 scene 1 Essay Example

Romeo and Juliet- act 3 scene 1 Paper Romeo and Juliet is a story written in the 15th century by William Shakespeare. It is a tragic love story set in Verona (Italy). The play is about two households, the Capulets and the Montagues. Romeo is one of the main characters in the play and he is the only son of Montagues. Another protagonist character is Juliet; she is the only daughter of the Capulets. These two households are undergoing a long feud we are told about the grudge in the prologue on line 3, From ancient grudge break to new mutiny Although we are told there is an ancient grudge we are not told how it started or what is it about. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet- act 3 scene 1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet- act 3 scene 1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet- act 3 scene 1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The play is started with a prologue, which is set out as a sonnet. The prologue is important because it gives us some useful information, it tells us the play is set in Verona. Shakespeare continues the play with a brawl in the market of Verona between the serving men from the two households. I think shake spear uses the brawl to start the play because it grips the audience attention, helps to raise the tension in play and keep the audience amused through out the play. The two protagonists Romeo and Juliet first meet in act 1 scene 3. To show that they are falling in love Shakespeare writes their speech as a sonnet to make it sound more romantic. Romeo and Juliet meet after Romeo gatecrashes the Capulets party. Juliet was told to married another man named Paris but Juliet said she was not yet ready. Although she says she s not yet ready she later marries Romeo. Shakespeare uses similies to show what Romeo feels towards Juliet. In act 2 scene 1 Romeo compares Juliet to the sun, stars and heavens, Romeo says The brightness of her cheeks would shame those stars (line 19 act 2 scene 1) Romeo and Juliet get married, they get married at the end of act 2 scence6, Friar Laurence is the person who marries them, he marries them because he thinks this will end the capulets and Montagues feud. After Romeo and Juliet get married, they leave the church and go their separate ways so no one finds out. The other chapters in the play include Benvolio and Mercutio both Romeos friends and Tybalt who is Juliets cousin and Romeos enemy. None of these characters are aware of Romeo and Juliets marriage. Act 1 scene 3 is the most important part of the play it is the pivot point of the play for a number of reasons that I will elaborate. Act 3 scene 1 begins with Mercutio, Benvolio and some other men who are being approached by Tybalt and his men who are looking for Romeo. This time Tybalt only asks where Romeo is. Mercutio taunts Tybalt, but Tybalt ignores his insult, because he is seeking Romeo. When Romeo arrives Tybalt insults him by saying Thou art a villain (line54) MOHAMMED AKHAZZAN Romeo ignores his insults and trys to make peace between them by saying Good Capulet, which name I tender as dearly as mine own, be satisfied (line 64-65) Mercutio who is beside them felt that Romeo is being a cowered and reacts badly by saying O calm, dishonourable, vile submission (line 66) Mercutio doesnt know that Romeo is refusing to fight because he is now married to Tybalts cousin Juliet. Mercutio is disgusted now at Romeos show of defeat and surrender so he challenges Tybalt him self. As they draw their swords Romeo comes between them and holds Mercutio back, Tybalt comes up and stabs Mercutio from between Romeos arms. Tybalt ran away after stabbing Mercutio because if he gets caught his life would pay the forfeit. Mercutio is hurt but still making jokes and puns Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man (line 89) The pun in this sentence is grave because he knows hes going to die, although he knows hes dying soon he still makes jokes this tells us that he is a joker and doesnt admit defeat easily. Before Mercutio dies he curses both of their houses A plague on both of your houses (line 97) After Mercutio dies Romeo goes looking for Tybalt. When he found him he killed him. Prince Escalus had earlier warned of any street fighting and if they ever disrupted the quite of their streets their life will pay the forfeit. Old Capulet, and Montague, Have thrice disturbed the quiet of our streets, And made Veronas ancient citizens Cast by their grave beseeming ornaments (act 1 scene 1) This tells us that the fights have being happing for a long time because the prince said thrice after the first fight we saw. Another aspect to consider is the character of Romeo, Mercutio and Benvolio. Romeo is a soft character on the play the loving person who is trying to make peace between the two families. He feels that his new-formed love for Juliet has changed him. Tybalt on the other hand is a proud person in an aggressive way who doesnt let any little thing pass away this is shown when he comes after Romeo the next day just because he gate crashed his uncles party. Mercutio is different from the other characters because he is not a Capulet or Montague family member; hes just a friend, he takes everything as a joke, he is also a very proud person who believes in preserving honour. Benvolio is very sensible although he quarrels a lot, he also anxious to keep the peace between the two houses I do but keep the peace (act 1 sense 1) Along side the development of the characters we should consider the time the play was written in, in the 15th century it was common to have cultural, suicidal historical context. MOHAMMED AKHAZZAN Shakespeare builds up the dramatic tension and dramatic irony by giving us hints from the prologue that something bad was going to happen. We (the audience) knew thing that the characters did not know for example we knew that the wedding has taken place but the other characters did not. This is another device used to build up the tension; Shakespeare enables the audience to feel more connected to the play. Shakespeare used many dramatic devices to keep the audience interested, because the play was preformed live on stage. Shakespeare had to find ways to show that it was dark. One-way Shakespeare reserved this was to give the characters torches as started in act 1 scene 4 line 11 Give me a torch Shakespeare uses fights in his play to keep audience interested and he uses puns to keep them amused. Act 3 scene 1 is a pivotal point in the play as it communicates a lot of negative things like the banishing of Romeo due to the fight never to see Juliet again this made the play very melancholy. Juliets father, lord Capulet also changed, he became very strict and demanded that Juliet gets married without asking his opinion on the matter. Juliet also changed; she was forced to choose between her family and her husband. When Juliet drank the poison to escape marrying Paris, Romeo thought she died so he killed him self and Juliet woke up, killed her self when she saw him dead, this caused the Montagues and the Capulets to end the feud between them. This play is very interesting and thoroughly enjoyable, Shakespeare made it very interesting with the pivot points and the dramatic irony.

Photography basics for beginners college edition

Photography basics for beginners college edition Still Life Photography for Dummies You may have different ideas about technology influencing our lives, but there is one thing you wont be able to ignore: how social media visual imagery has changed. If you want to have a successful account, you have to learn the basics of photography. Even if you taking pictures of the breakfast you are having, it has to be perfect and shot according to the rules of the genre. So let introduce our very first amateur photography tutorial. Today we would like to focus on the still life photography that can set a ground for a great career or at least make your photos prettier. Common objects of still life photography:Plants; Fruits and veggies; Food and drinks; Bugs; Books and glasses; Tools and parts of equipment.So if you are wondering how to take a great shot for your social media account, or would like a course in photography but have no idea where to begin, these simple steps are for you: #1 Know your equipment If you are a young and enthusiastic photographer-to-be, you may know nothing about the cameras, lenses and lights equipment. Before you begin purchasing all the things people say you have to have, let us give you a simple advice:Rent a camera or borrow one from someone you know; Spend at least 4 hours trying to figure out some layouts. Hunting for a perfect shot of an ant or trying to catch the light passing through glasses.If you are not hating it by the time you finish, you may begin browsing the internet to purchase something. Try to avoid purchasing expensive equipment, as they are not something you can afford. #2 Find a beautiful background One of the secrets to success is to have a nice background that will help you create a smooth and stylish picture. Now many people find marble-looking or cement backgrounds. Usually, the cloth of pastel colors or some old newspapers can also do the trick. #3 Play with light If you are a beginner, you probably wont need expensive studio-like equipment. Very often, a light from the window is more than enough to take a good picture. If you are using the camera, try to use the flashlight from your phone to add some lights to the image. For every beginner struggling with photography, here is some general advice:Use a tripod. If you are going to use your phone or small camera, you may use lighter ones, that are cheaper; Avoid using glimmering, shiny and mirror objects. They are hard to use, difficult to use and almost impossible to balance the light; Make it clean, simple and not cluttered. Avoid using backgrounds with small patterns, stripes, dots.How to get started in photography? First of all, chose the primary object and place it the middle of the picture. Your composition should be centered around the main object. Learn some basic rules, including the golden ratio composition rule. Next, try to focus on the object in the picture and find the right spot to focus on. Generally, photographers try to focus on the point that closer to the lenses. Moreover, learn some basic terms and what the numbers on the lenses are. What will be the difference between 18-55 mm f3.5-5.6 and 105 mm f 1.8? This will help you set up your camera properly, find great optics and deal with the technical issues quickly. In order to master basic photography techniques, you will also have to learn the modes on your camera. Take your time to find the difference between manual, portrait and landscape modes; find out more about shutter speed, and exposure. Other photography basics for beginners include an understanding of the ways lights can be used, mastering everyday things to help you achieve creative effects and leveling the horizon. If you are planning to set up a blog, related to photography, you may well need to use your logo or some sort of watermark to use these images for your photography blogs ideas and posts.

MyWorld Religion 'MWR' Creative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MyWorld Religion 'MWR' Creative - Essay Example religion merely on a physical level, assuming that it is worth just active involvement in church traditions which may compensate for any shortfall of character. This concept, however, sets believers to the perils of blindness toward genuine principles of truth which should be learned and understood by the heart. Hence, in this regard, I propose to establish belief in Faith-Centrism. Under this religion, there would be one God whose image or form is yet unknown but still an omniscient, omnipotent, and omnipresent entity anyone can speak to at any moment in all open spaces. There is no need for a firm embellished structure to house particular images or figures for which offerings must be made since worship by faith alone ought to be central and is not subject to judgment based on material possessions imparted. Faith-Centrism challenges a follower to exhibit true values of faith beyond public view or approval. For instance, showing compassion to someone in need is an act which, as much as possible, must not reap rewards by being seen and given any credit if faith must be kept pure. A believer is more spiritually attached when executing good deeds in secret because this way, he would be capable of meditative thought to weigh between pure and impure intentions. Moreover, Faith-Centrism shall have no administering priest to prevent the risks of formality people tend to become more focused on procedural custom rather than faith. It would be more appropriate to have organize brotherhood and sisterhood that would informally gather to share rich and colorful stories of faithful journeys in all walks of life. Any written code of ethic or conduct suitable should be personal and while I see it fit that the Bible or the Holy Scripture from the Christian tradition may proceed as the standard, nevertheless, a flexible interpretation is encouraged for all passages depending on how the biblical verses apply to one’s unique set of ways in dealing

Circumstantial Evidence Within The Casey Anthony Trial Research Paper

Circumstantial Evidence Within The Casey Anthony Trial - Research Paper Example did not merit proving the case of intended murder of Caylee beyond reasonable doubt, it is evident that the prosecutors had adduced evidence that had sufficiently served the principle of ‘reasonable doubt’ as a requirement of the law (Sarokin, 2011). Circumstantial Evidence is the important piece of evidence in criminal cases prosecution, owing to the fact that only a small percentage of crimes would be executed out of existing direct evidence. If all cases were to depend on direct evidence where a witness was present when the accused committed a crime, only a meager criminal file cases would even pass for trial (Fanning, 2009). After all, what would hinder the defendant denying being involved even when the witness still witnessed the crime being committed? In this respect, Circumstantial Evidence is vital for criminal trial, since it provides for the relevant pathway through which reasoning can be applied, so at to reach to a conclusion regarding how the crime was committed. The Casey Anthony Trial appears to have deduced sufficient circumstantial evidence, only that it was not executed properly. First, false testimony that Casey gave to the law enforcement officers when they set on investigating the case is sufficient to indicate that the defendant was determined to obstruct the course of justice (Ashton & Pulitzer, 2012). Despite the fact that reasonable doubt as a basis of determining the guilty or not guilty verdict for the accused is a necessity, nothing could be more indicative of the fact that the defendant must have known something about the death of Caylee than the false statements. Therefore, Casey was lying so that she could obstruct the law enforcement officers from being able to conduct a fruitful investigation. Casey had lied to her mother that Caylee was either with a nanny, in the beach, in the house and a host of other places for the whole time that her grandmother was asking for whereabouts (Russell & Cohn, 2013). Additionally, Casey lied

Property Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Property Law - Essay Example 4. On this account, Leo gave Sonya a cheque of ? 100,000 on his own current account and a note saying that his share of the house was hers. He gave Sharon the key to a tin box under his bed saying that the contents were for her. He gave Ben his accounts business card telling him to contact the accountant who had his entire share certificate so that he should get ownership of them, selling them and thereafter give the proceeds in equal shares to Sharon and Sonya. 5. Leos tin contained a cheque for winnings from national lotto, a set of keys to his villa in Argentina, s set of keys to his car and a bag of Argentinian money. 6. Leo recovered from his illness, however on leaving the door for his first walk, part of the roof fell on him and killed him. 7. Ben sold the shares and used the proceeds for a holiday. The Law: In particular, I rely upon the following laws and case laws. 1. Re Craven Estates (No 1) (1937) I Ch 423, HC 2. Re Beaumont (1902) 1 CH 889 3. Cain vs. Moon (1896) 2QB 283 4. Wilkes vs. Allington (1931) 2 CH 104 5. Birch vs. Treasury Solicitor (1950) 2 All ER 1198 6. Re Lilingstone Deceased (1952) All ER 184 7. Woodard vs. Woodard (1991) The Times, 18th March CA. 8. Sen vs. Headley, (1991) CH 425 9. Stock Transfer Act of 1963 10. The Wills Act of 1837 11. Agnew vs. Belfast Banking Co. (1896) 2 IR 204 12. Re Dudman (1925) 1 CH 553 Donatio Mortis Causa: 1. The gifts under this case are known as donation mortis causa. These gifts are conditional and possession take place after the death of the donor.The Wills Act of 1837 allows the issuance of such gifts.Farley (2002) notes that in the case of Re Craven Estates, the court held that a person is not allowed to dispose of his property after death under British laws but an exemption is provided for by the Wills Act of 1837 (p.45). But this principle of donation mortis causa is an exemption as provided by the same act of 1837. 2. In Re Beaumont, the court held that Donatio Mortis Causa is a singular form of gift and is amphibious nature. It is neither inter vivos nor testamentary and the recipient is entitled to the gift after the donor dies (Jackson, 1972). 3. Keeton (1968) by using the case of Cain v Moon observes that for a gift under donation mortis causa to be valid it must satisfy the following conditions, the gifts must be made in contemplation of death and not necessarily expectation (p.61). The recipient must receive the subject matter of the gift and there must be a condition that the gift reverts back to the donor in case he recovers. 4. The validity of donation mortis causa does not depend on whether the donor died of the anticipated cause, but on whether the donor actually died. In Wilkes vs. Allington, it was held that the most important issue in DMC is whether the donor actually died (Fitzgerald and Muncie, 1983). 5. Harrison (1965) observes that if a title does not pass by delivery, a DMC can be valid if there is evidence of possession of title or property which entitle s the possessor to the property given, and he cites the case of Birch v treasury solicitor, where the court held that if the gift in question is bulky, the handling to the recipient a means of accessing the gift, i.e. the key is symbolic enough to constitute delivery (p.36). THE CASE: 1. The first issue noted in the gifts given to Sonya, Sharon

Types of Loneliness

Types of Loneliness Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts for a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon in an attempt to better understand long-term loneliness. These researchers have already identified three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example, a divorce, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. Situational loneliness is easy to understand and to predict. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socialising and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, e.g., friends, family members, workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have. In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity. Most researchers agree that the loneliest people are between the ages of 18 and 25, so a group of psychologists decided to study a group of college freshmen. They found that more than 50% of the freshmen were situationally lonely at the beginning of the semester as a result of their new circumstances, but had adjusted after a few months. Thirteen percent were still lonely after seven months due to shyness and fear. They felt very uncomfortable meeting new people, even though they understood that their fear was not rational. The situationally lonely freshmen overcame their loneliness by making new friends, but the chronically lonely remained unhappy because they were afraid to do so. Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons. First of all, they are unhappy and unable to socialise. Secondly, researchers have found a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad and sometimes dangerous condition.

A Raisin in the Sun :: Literary Analysis, Lorraine Hansberry

Victor Hugo once said â€Å"There is nothing like dream to create the future†. In Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun, the Youngers, an African American family struggle against economic hardship and racial prejudice. The family of five, Mama, Walter, Beneatha, Ruth, and Travis, live in a run down apartment in the South Side of Chicago during the 1950s an era of great prosperity for most. They receives a life insurance check of ten thousand dollars after the passing of Walter Sr.. Each member of the family has his/her own plans for the money. Mama, Walter, and Beneatha have different interpretations of the American Dream: Mama’s perspective is family, Walter’s dream is material success , and Beneatha’s values independence. Mama’s dream is to attain a satisfying life for her family, own a house, and have Walter be the head of the household. Mama discovers her daughter-in-law Ruth is pregnant and wants to have an abortion Mama frantically says that she â€Å"done give one baby to poverty† and she not going to let the family give up another child (75). Mama lost a baby due to her poverty once and is determined to stop Ruth from doing the same. Mama has always dreamed of owning a home and now she believes a home will help keep her family together she tells Ruth she wants an little â€Å"old two story†(44) with a yard where she could have a garden and â€Å"Travis could play in † (44) . Mama decides to use the money to buy a house because she â€Å"seen [her] family [fall] apart† (93). By buying a new house Mama believes establishes an environment for growth and development, preventing her children from doing what she had to do and will keep the family whole. Mamaâ€⠄¢s dream is selfless because there is no personal gain. Walter’s goal is to earn more money; being financially successful is important to him. After the arrival of the life insurance money, Walter and Mama get into a fight over how Walter has changes; Mama asks Walter why he has become obsessed with money, Walter reply â€Å"because it is life†(74). For Walter money comes before everything since no money equates to no life ; therefore making money become Walter’s number one priority because he believes validates his existence. After Mama gives Walter part of the insurance money, Walter talks to his son about how he is going to â€Å"change [their] lives† (108) he foreshadows the future he plans for the family.

Why Was There a Revolution in Russia in 1905

Why was there a revolution in Russia in 1905? The 1905 revolution happened for many reasons and so a combination of factors will best explain this question. However the most important reason was the tsar and his ignorant beliefs and attitudes towards Russia. The Russo-Japanese war was a major factor in starting the revolution in 1905, the whole purpose of the war was to try and stop the thoughts of rebellion by getting the Russian people to rally for their country, however when Russia lost the Russian people lost faith in their country and their tsar because he embarrassed their country and put them in a huge national crisis.Russia’s defeat displayed the government’s incompetence which excited the social unrest that the war was supposed to stop. It also showed people incompetence of the Tsar who’s most important and essential job was to show his command of his army. Enthusiasm was the first reaction to this war, giving the country something to take its mind off, stop the rioting and focus on the winning. However, as soon as it became clear that Russia was losing for the first time to an Asian power, the people declared unrest and resumed, stronger than ever the strikes and demand for reform.Russia’s ignorance on world issues was showed and clearly laid for the people of Russia to see. The loss of the war, representing the only hope allowed the revolution of 1905 to take place, forming a large number of strikes, constant pressure on the government and the demand for reform. Russia in the 19th  and 20th  century faced economic collapses along with inflation which would test the nation’s and the people’s patience towards coming sufferings. The increasing population of Russia outlined a new milestone for the empire.A population increase demanded more from the economy and required a higher order of thought to please the entire nation. However, Russia and the Tsar were not ready for such expansion in population and backwa rd views on society only provided another reason to further damage the rising dissatisfaction. Village population had grown from 61 to 78 million between 1877 and 1905 but the land owned by peasants only grew 24. 2 percent. Clearly, there was a shortage of land, and a shortage of determination to improve the land and shortened patience to hope for better times.The emancipation of the Serfs by Alexander II in 1861 did little to solve the discontent and agitation of the working people. The view of the freed serfs was the final ownership of land in return for powering the nation’s economy and later the empire. However, the disappointment appeared when the Tsar approved freedom for the peasants, yet taxed them for living on land which they had believed to rightfully own from years of slavery. The view on autocracy was being undermined, even though there was trust in the Tsar and his connection with god.The Tsar’s ignorance on issues such as the poor living conditions for t he peasants in the country outlined a path of public dismay and questioning. While the peasants resisted questioning due to their simplicity, influence from other parts of Europe and the slow industrialisation saw them thinking about the nature of their misfortune and famine. Whilst ‘freeing the Serfs’ and granting them their ironic independence, rising  prices  along with tremendous taxes influenced the peasants to revolt, playing a part in the Russian revolution.Illegal political parties were uprising to share their discontent with Russia and their Tsar and create an outline for ideas of revolution, demands and strikes. The social revolutionaries and democrats had existed from 1901, yet public support was achieved in 1905 when living was hard, and the belief of god and the Tsar had been slowly lost. These parties were illegal, yet the Tsar could not satisfy the people in order to prove these parties unnecessary.All these political opponents were a figure of showin g the attention needed to Russia, how strong actions needed to be taken and the hunger of the people needed to be satisfied at any scale possible. The participation of these parties resulted in strikes and a build-up of the Russia changing general strike. Decisively, the build of political parties and the failure to stop their need allowed the citizens of Russia to demand and express themselves more, therefore leading to the activity of revolution and strength. Bloody Sunday’ intensified the revolutionary movement and finally ended the people’s view of the Tsar as their protector and carer. On 9thJanuary 1905, concerned workers came peacefully to address a petition, and expected the Tsar to ease their problems. However, the peaceful workers were shot at by the tsar’s soldiers before they could even reach the tsar. After ‘Bloody Sunday’, the tip of revolution was over and certainly now it stood in every person’s right to take political concern and begin strikes that would swell to form a halt in the nation. By September there were massive strikes by factory workers and railway men.Soon the country was virtually stopped by a general strike, which stopped everything Russia relied on. Overall the revolution in 1905 was started by many factors however the Tsar’s beliefs and attitudes were one of the main factors because he was so naive and ignorant. He could have stopped bloody Sunday, which was the breaking point for revolution, but instead he let his soldiers shoot his people losing any trust the Russian people had in him. He also involved the country in a pointless war to try and rally Russia together only to embarrassingly lose and display his incompetence.

The character in An Inspector Calls Essays

The character in An Inspector Calls Essays The character in An Inspector Calls Essay The character in An Inspector Calls Essay I also didnt choose Eric Birling as my most likeable character as he used Eva, he stole money from Arthur Birling to give her money to Eva for the baby. As Eva was a prostitute he used her just for sex. Erics parents think that he is all innocent, but really he is an heavy drinker. Eric says; I wasnt in love or anything but I did like her. This tells me he is a user and only wanted one thing. I didnt choose Eric as my most likable character as he was in the wrong, and didnt care about Eva. It then comes to Arthur Birling the father of Sheila and Eric. He only cares about himself and know one else. He wont accept the allegations thats made against him, and dont see how giving Eva the sack got anything to do with him. Even though he sacked her so she would be left with no money. Has he comes from a middle class family, he seems stuck up and selfish. As she says to the inspector; Look here I am not going to have this inspector, youll apologise at once. He only cares about money, as he says to Gerald; And now you have brought us together, and perhaps we may look forward to the time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but are working together-for lower costs and prices. Arthur is certainly not my most likable character! My final character Gerald Croft has a very big part in Eva Smiths suicidal death. He never loved her or never would love her, but Eva had fallen head over heels in love with Gerald. He used her till he didnt want anymore. When they first met Eva was prostituting and he just used her just to please his needs. He had sex with her then paid her. Gerald told the inspector; He had become the most important person in his life. What Gerald has done he can never change. Also what he has done to Sheila is terrible too. He is a user and very selfish. And certainly is the most un-likable character. Sheila is definitely my most likable character, as she has shown the most honestly and true guiltiness. This is shown as when she saw the picture of Eva; she was the only one who had a little cry.

Review of To Kill a Mockingbird essays

Review of To Kill a Mockingbird essays In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout is the young narrator. Since she is only eight years old she will be learning a lot of things very quickly in the novel. One of the themes that her father is trying to teach her is empathy. She doesn't quite understand what the difference between the right thing and accepted thing is yet and Atticus wants to make sure that she learns it. Since Scout is in her early years of childhood still, empathy is a likely thing that she would be learning about. She is also unreliable somewhat as a narrator because she doesn't understand the world as much as most of the other characters in the novel. Scout being the narrator affects the theme of empathy by making it easier to believe she is learning about it, being able to explain the things that are needed to learn about empathy and understanding just enough to be able to learn about it.?Since Scout is so young it is easy to believe that she would be learning the theme of empathy. Most parents want to teach their children what is right and wrong and how to know the difference while they are at a young age, so Atticus trying to teach this lesson to Scout is very believable. This also makes the lesson easy to learn for the reader because the novel is first person which means that the lesson will be explained in the book as if it was being taught to someone who had never been introduced to it ever before in their life. Scout asks a lot of questions, being a child, and wants to learn a lot of things. Atticus explains real courage to her and Jem in a very good way that gets the point across. Its when you know youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do (149). Atticus is able to explain things very straight-forward without sounding unrealistic. The lessons can be taught in a simple way because they are being taught to children. ...

Electoral College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Electoral College - Essay Example Pelayo was elected by his Visigothic nobles before becoming king of Asturias and Pepin the Sort was also elected by his Frankish nobles so as to become the first Carolingian king (Wedgewood 29-36). In the Holy Roman Empire, the King of the Romans was selected by the college of prince electors from the late Middle Ages until 1792 when the last election took place (Wedgewood 29-36). The Church in the West left electoral power exclusively to the College of Canons of the Cathedral Church. In the case of the Pope, selection is left to the exclusive authority of the College of Cardinals since 1059. Currently, the United States of America is the best illustration of a society that uses the Electoral College System to indirectly elect the president and the vice president (Sabato 20-35). Framers of the Unites States’ Constitution devised the Electoral College as procedure to indirectly elect the president by the people. The Constitutional Convention came up with so various methods of selecting the president which included selection of the president by the Congress; selection of the president by the State Legislature; selection of the president through direct popular vote (Kolodny 45-65). These procedures were rejected for various reasons such as threats of power bargaining and corruption (Longley and Pierce 12-17). Finally, the convention settled for the indirect method of election of the president through the Electoral College and this procedure was stipulated in Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States (Kolodny 45-65). The article on the Electoral College has undergone several amendments in 1880, 1804 (12th Amendment) and in 1876. The last amendment to the Electoral College was made through the 23rd Amendment which gave the District of Columbia the right to vote for three electors just as the residents of other states

Critically consider the challenges and opportunities that social and Essay

Critically consider the challenges and opportunities that social and community enterprises face in their chase to affect social change - Essay Example In contrast to other socially/community-oriented organizations, social enterprise combines two important aspects: entrepreneurship and social-orientation. Even though the concept of social entrepreneurship is a relatively new, the number of social enterprises has increased substantially during the past decades (Nkala, 2009). Today there exist both threats and opportunities that social enterprises face with. The aim of this paper is to analyze what challenges and opportunities social and community enterprises face in their chase to affect social change. There exist many different interpretations of the concept of â€Å"social entrepreneurship†. Despite the variety of definitions of the term of social entrepreneurship, some researchers believe that more unified definition is still to be developed (Short, Moss, and Lumpkin, 2009). Bornstein and Davis (2010) define it is a process by which individuals transform or create institutions in order to solve or help to solve various social problems, including poverty, illiteracy, illness, environmental destruction, corruption, and human rights abuses. Thus, these organizations aim to improve life for many people and broader society. In order to achieve their mission, social enterprises undertake various commercial activities. Thus, the value of social enterprise is measured not only in terms of its contribution to social, environmental, or cultural life but also in terms of its financial sustainability (Social traders, 2011). There are identified three major categories of motivations for establishment of social enterprise. These categories include: employment; service innovation, and income generation. In terms of employment motivation, social enterprises provide employment opportunities, support and training for marginalized groups. These enterprises are also motivated by an opportunity to maintain or create services, which enable to satisfy economic or

Computer Sciences and Information Technology in Business Essay

Computer Sciences and Information Technology in Business - Essay Example Low financial growth of the company was a problem due to various reasons. To begin with, the company had stagnated on its financial gains over five years and at some point had an experience of losses. The organization was at a level where it generated little income to cover the operational costs and make profits. Financing the growth of the company is a major problem in such a scenario, if there is no financial growth, then the organization starts losing its market share because of competition. To make the situation worse, the existing customers are lost to the competition. Financial growth of a company fails if there are insufficient sales. To solve this problem it, is necessary know why the problem occurred in the first place. In the organization, the problem arises because of poor sales from the sales people. The poor sales result from cutting back on the marketing budget thus there are few leads. Another issue is poor training of sales people in the company and clients cutting down their budgets. An innovative solution is necessary to solve this problem. Such a problem needs urgent solving to save the company (Baumgartner, 2013). The firm requires generation of more income, which is only possible through selling more of the products that the company makes. Information technology is important in making more sales. To get more leads the sales people will require more training and higher access to information. Technology today has made success of companies to be easy. The company needs to employ the use of technology such as use of the internet to train the sales people and look for more leads.

Describe the room youre in Essay Example for Free

Describe the room youre in Essay Still, a thick veil of cigarette smoke filtered my view of the dark, dank, desolate sitting room, and made the black walls appear grey. The early hours of the evening had consisted of me repeatedly lighting and leaving cigarettes to burn out between my fingers, not one of the twenty met my lips, as intended. The looming smoke crept slowly out of a miniscule hole in the top left hand corner of the window fame, to my right. I lazily calculated, judging by the time of the humungous clock on the wall opposite me, that Id been slumped on this icy black settee for over 9 hours now. Time moved slower than Id ever known it, it was gradually approaching 2:24am. There still remained a constant murmur of Freddie Mercury telling me he could dim the lights and sing me songs full of sad things- his voice leaked aimlessly from the 2 white headphones lying forgotten on the bitterly cold tiled floor. My dog sat protectively at my feet, staring at me. Awfully tired, but reluctant to leave me to sit alone. I edged forward on the settee, the music seemed louder from there. The distinct scent of the condolence flowers, which lay in a tattered heap on the coffee table in front of me, under my tear-drenched scarf, danced through both of my nostrils. It was surprisingly strong. I glanced down at the dog, who obviously saw this as an invitation to a far more comfortable seat. His black, shiny front legs, one at a time, slowly heaved his heavily muscled shoulders onto the settee beside me. Followed by his short hind legs, which failed to be able to push the remaining torso onto the slippery leather seat. His struggling eyes pleaded for a helping hand. I swung my right arm over his broad back and under his barrel-like rib cage, gripping tightly and pulling toward myself, he appreciatively licked my arm, and then settled next to me. After a few short moments, he sunk down into the settee and lolled his head onto my leg, where he stared back morosely at me, breathing in deeply and almost sighing as he forced breaths out. His brow furrowed into the form of self-pity and grief, now and then throwing the odd whimper at me. Hed always been good at mirroring my feelings. The wind was audibly picking up speed and strength, it angrily punched the windowpane several times, before giving in and sending a fleet of fat, hefty, hard-hitting rain drops to pummel the windowpane some more. The door was trembling from being harassed so fiercely by the wind, it bellowed and whistled, trying the door handle and rattling the lock. My heart felt the enraged booming of the thunder as it rolled through the thick black clouds, calling for the lightning. The room lit up, everything was visible for a few short seconds. Then, when the lightning clocked off, the quiet, lonely darkness carried on the remainder of his shift. A lone screw flew towards me, breezed past my right cheek and pinged off the wall behind me, as the French doors swung open with a sudden, monstrous clash. The aggressive wind had forced its way into the house, it bled through the building. It raced up the stairs, slamming doors in a childish fashion, while it ripped the photographs off the walls and crunched the glass in the frames, it spun around the curtains tearing them from the pole, as if it had a vendetta against the dicor. The hellish gale swirled tauntingly around me, pulling my cardigan and twirling my hair around my throat. The dog lunged onto my lap, and began to warn off the frosty blasts with a series of blood curdling, deep and defensive barks and snarls. Silence fell. I stood. Wrapping my cardigan around me tightly, and following my bodyguard of a dog, I peered out of the double doors and down the bleak corridor. The front door was closed. I returned to resume sitting on the sunken leather settee with my dog. As I sat, my left hand attempted to correct my windswept hair, while the right cradled my proud pet. I felt the beginnings of a snarl rekindling from the pit of his stomach; it rose up into his throat and gushed out between gritted teeth at the rain that spat spitefully at the window. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our  GCSE Miscellaneous  section. Download this essay Print Save Heres what a teacher thought of this essay 5  star(s)

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

The old poet Kahlil Gibran, a long time ago, once said, "You work that you may keep pace with the soul of the earth. For to be idle is to become a stranger unto the seasons, and to step out of life's procession, that marches in majesty and proud submission toward the infinite." An interesting thought, that we work in order to keep pace with the earth. Now, I'm sure you're asking yourself, how can my near minimum wage job, where the customers treat me like a doormat and I still have to be pleasant and chipper, keep me in sync with the soul of the earth. Well I imagine there are higher rewards to part-time high school jobs, but other than the always too small pay checks, I am hard pressed to fathom them. Yet, that is not the kind of work I am speaking of. And then there is school work. Yes of course there are obvious rewards, such as these diplomas we are about to receive, to putting in a lot of time, energy and hard work into our studies. However, today I am here to talk about another aspect of work. It is work that many of us have been involved in one way or another either in sch...

The Patient Griselda, by Giovanni Boccaccio Essays -- Literary Analysi

â€Å"The Patient Griselda†, by Giovanni Boccaccio, has hidden meanings to it. Domestic violence from Gualtieri to his chosen wife, Griselda is apparent. Gualtieri feels as though his is condoned to such abuse of his wife because of her low-born social class status, her non-nobility. He further oppresses his power over her by disallowing her to have control over the upbringing of their children. Gualtieri, a young Italian marquis, was pressured by his servants to marry. His subjects were in fear that there would not be an heir to maintain the stability of their state. Gualtieri agrees to marry, but makes it clear to his subjects that he will he will find his own wife. The marquis makes his people promise that they will not question him nor criticize his choice for a wife. â€Å"My friends, since you still persist in wanting me to take a wife; I am prepared to do it, not because I have any desires to marry, but rather in order to gratify your wishes. You will recall the promise you gave me, that no matter whom I should choose; you would rest content and honour her as your lady†, (Boccaccio 164). The beginning of the marriage was peaceful. Then Griselda gave birth to a daughter. It is at this time that Gualtieri begins to â€Å"test† Griselda. His tests are actually forms of emotional abuse. He begins by testing Griselda’s obedience by having the child taken away to be raised elsewhere by woman kinfolk. He told Griselda that their daughter was dead, that he had her killed by his subjects. He repeats this same test with the birth of their son a few years later. Griselda, with no words of protest, surrenders both her children to their deaths by their own father, her husband. Griselda was abused by Gualtieri from the beginnin... ...ers as you would have others do unto you†. If it had been Griselda putting her husband through these so called â€Å"tests†, the outcome would have been very different. There would not have been any kind of a â€Å"happy ending†. Works Cited Boccaccio, Giovanni. everything2.com. Tuesday November 2000. 4 August 2010 . Campbell, Emma. "Sexual Poetics and the Politics of Translation in the Tale of Griselda." (2006): 17. Damrosch, David and David L. Pike. The Longman Anthology of World Literature Second Edition. Pearson Education, Inc., 2009. Davis, Walter R. "Boccaccio's Decameron ." The Implications of Binary Form (2003): 20. Fulton, Helen. "The Performance of Social Class:." Domestic Violence in The Griselda Story (n.d.): 42. Jaster, Margaret Rose. ""Controlling clothes, manipulating mates: Petruchio's Griselda"." (2001): 13.

Dickens reveals Essay

Dickens reveals the extent of Pips moral decline when Joe comes to see him: Pip is far more arrogant and condescending. He hires a servant to announce Joe’s coming and dress himself up as well. He greets Joe with â€Å"Joe, how are you Joe? † very haughtily because Joe repeats it as Pip said it – â€Å"Pip, how AIR you Pip? † Joe is completely thrown and does not know how to react to the furnishings, decor, clothes and aura that Pip obviously thinks a gentleman should have. Pip regards Joe’s table manners with great disdain and embarrassment in front of Herbert as Joe â€Å"sat so far from the table, and dropped so much more than he ate, and pretended that he hadn’t dropped it† Dickens is showing how egotistical Pip has become because it wasn’t so long ago that he had exactly the same manners. Pip feels â€Å"impatient of him and out of temper with him. † Joe also notices Pip’s change and is aware of the gulf that is growing between them, Joe knows he’s â€Å"wrong in these clothes†¦ out of the forge†¦ the kitchen, or of th’marshes. † Joe doesn’t belong in Pip’s clothes in the same way that Pip doesn’t belong in his old world. By this time Pip is at the height of his self-important, arrogant, smug life. In Chapter 34 Dickens presents the start of Pip’s gradual moral recovery, although this is slow to begin as Pip and Herbert join the Finches of the Grove, a very expensive gentleman’s club who dined luxuriously and â€Å"spent a lot of money as we could, and got as little for it as people could make their minds up to give us†. They had no purpose apart from self gratification. Pip finally understands as he gets more and more into debt the effect this is having on Herbert: â€Å"My lavish habits led his easy nature into expenses he could not afford, corrupted the simplicity of his life and disturbed his peace with anxieties and regrets† As Pip grows accustomed to his great expectations he’s not comfortable and battles with his conscience over actions and feelings towards Joe and Biddy; he becomes wistful for his old life and thinks: â€Å"With a weariness on my spirit, that if I should have been happier and better if I had never seen Miss Havisham’s face, and had risen to manhood content to be partners with Joe in the honest old forge† He yearns for the forge fire instead of his fire in his gentlemanly residence, and wants Joe and his old life back although does little to achieve this. In contrast Dickens himself did not inherit his wealth but publicly strived and worked hard to achieve his goals, in fact one of the factors of his death was over working and so possibly didn’t approve of the idle rich’s lavish lives and spending. Dickens uses Magwitch’s revelation and Pip’s reaction to show Pip’s moral degeneration. When Pip first discovers that his benefactor is not Miss Havisham but Magwitch the convict he is aghast, he â€Å"seemed to be suffocating† such was the â€Å"abhorrence† of him and â€Å"the repugnance with which I shrank from him. † Pip has to swallow the bitter pill that his rise to the status of gentleman was caused by someone so low in society, and that cost him his relationship with Joe. He feels guilty and full of shame, but maybe if Pip was less concerned about his social status he would have been more sympathetic to the habits and needs of Magwitch. However, the convict holds power over Pip because Magwitch is his benefactor, its Magwitch’s money that has funded Pip’s life of comfort and luxury and Pip has become totally dependant on that money and in turn on the convict: â€Å"I began fully to know how wrecked I was, and how the ship in which I sailed was gone to pieces. † In Pip’s conversation with Herbert, following the revelation by Magwitch, Pip displays the growing awareness of his failings: â€Å"I am heavily in debt, very heavily for me, who have now no expectations and I have been bred to no calling, and I am fit for nothing. † Pip’s attitude now changes to Miss Havisham when he learns that she is no longer his benefactor and that she has hurt him on purpose in her attempt to antagonise her relatives. He becomes direct in talking to Miss Havisham and wants to know the truth and is quite confrontational – â€Å"when I fell into the mistake I have so long remained in, at least you led me on? † He questions Miss Havisham pushing her to admit that she deceived him and we now see that he is willing to stand up for what he believes and not be just a passive victim. Estella reports to him that she will be married to Drummle, Pip’s enemy, and at first he is grief-stricken but then he becomes earnest and selfless (the moral qualities of a gentleman) putting her happiness before his own, and pleading with her that she marry someone worthy of her, but not Drummle. Finally he blessed her in which ever path she takes and this is very thoughtful and generous of him, he asks her â€Å"don’t take him, and I can bear it better, for your sake. † Pip discovers that Molly is Estella’s mother and Magwitch is he father so it is ironic that her background is very similar in status to the life he was tempted away from. Despite the breeding of Estella and Miss Havisham they both chose in Drummle and Compeyson to marry men with none of the moral qualities that a gentleman should have. Pip is so concerned for Magwitch that he and his companions put together an escape plan, Pip’s willingness to do anything to save his friend who has â€Å"changed and softened† as much as Pip has is very clear and yet another attribute of a gentleman that Pip has gained. The reality of their situation is very obvious to Pip and â€Å"I thought of the night of his return when our places were reversed, and when I little supposed my heart could ever be as heavy and anxious at parting from him as it was now† All Pip’s repugnance of Magwitch has gone and in its place is love, care and compassion for a friend and father figure, virtues not apparent when Pip was rich with wealth but not morals. He stays with Magwitch after they are caught instead of trying to separate himself from the criminal character which used to disturb him so much at the height of his expectations. â€Å"In holding the hand that he stretched forth to me†, despite Magwitch’s request for Pip to disassociate with him at the trial, Pip shows his true morals by vowing to stay by his side. Pip publicly displays his support to his friend and doesn’t care who sees it or who doesn’t; all that matters to him is Magwitch. While caring for the sick convict in prison Pip waits out side before visiting hours and is allowed, by the guards, to stay after hours with Magwitch, which shows that event the guards who don’t know Pip, are touched by his behaviour. After Magwitch’s death Pip falls ill from the stress and Dickens uses the imagery of the fever burning away any snobbery and negative areas of gentlemanliness that hasn’t been removed already; this is a real push forward in Pips moral recuperation. He refers to Joe, who is caring for him, as â€Å"a gentle Christian man† and this implies what Dickens thought a gentleman should be: a man with Christian standards and morals at his centre. Pip is so overwhelmed by Joe’s kindness and feeling that he doesn’t deserve to have it, he demands that Joe: â€Å"look angry at me. Strike me, Joe, tell me of my ingratitude. Don’t be so good to me. † When Pip is well again he travels back to the marshes to marry Biddy, but he finds Joe and Biddy happy on their wedding day. He is happy for them instead of angry or depressed and is relieved that he never mentioned proposing to Biddy to Joe. Dickens uses Pip’s reaction to Joe and Biddy’s wedding day to portray the extent of Pip’s moral growth. This further reinforced Pip’s selflessness and there fore even more personal moral improvement. In my opinion Dickens wanted to Pip to continue moving forwards with and his new life with Herbert, his job in the east instead of moving backwards to the marshes and forge after his hard-learnt transition. At the end of the novel Pip has a new sense of purpose in his new life with Herbert and a new job, his values now are genuine and honest. When Pip comes back to the forge eleven years on he finds that Joe and Biddy have had a son who is called Pip after him, underlining that Pip has turned onto a well respected gentleman in the moral sense. Big Pip takes Little Pip to the church yard and this is exactly the same turn of events that Big Pip experienced all those years ago. It symbolises a new beginning for Little Pip and that Big Pip will take the place of Magwitch as a guardian angel and second father to Little Pip just like Magwitch was to him. It is ironic that at the start of the novel that Pip was repulsed by the convict but now at the end of the novel he loves him and is taking on Magwitch’s role and persona. Dickens again presents the image of Satis house has being torn down to symbolise the end of Pips moral diversity. Dickens uses the ivy as a symbol of Pip’s new start in the east and his reassessed morals. Like the ivy, Pip â€Å"had struck root anew and was growing green on low quiet mounds of ruin† Another new beginning is Pip being reunited with Estella, in the previous era she was untouchable even with Pip’s money and luxurious life, but now Estella has understood that being a gentleman is not all about money but about the good morals and experience that Pip has developed through out the novel. I feel that at the end Pip is a real gentleman, but in today’s standards, he values love, friendship, sincerity and kindness more than social status, he is living a life of his own making and that he earns honestly. He was only a gentleman in Victorian, upper-class eyes when he had great wealth and expensive habits and didn’t necessarily have any standards. This gives us an indication that although Dickens was a Victorian he thought that a gentleman should be like the later Pip and he presents and demonstrates this view by the way he presents Pip’s moral development during the novel in the relations between Pip, Joe, and Magwitch.

Chernobyl1 essays

Chernobyl1 essays La era nuclear empieza a partir de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, a 50 arico, dos ciudades nuevas se han levantado de las cenizas atmicas de esta catastrfica guerra. En una de estas ciudades, Chernobyl, a diez an nuclear, poblaciones enteras han sido abandonadas alrededor del reactor destruido, para escapar del agua y del alimento contaminados producidos en el suelo que una vez fuera rico. En el mismo perà ­odo desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la mayorà ­a de los bosques tropicales fueron destruidos. Se encontro una declinacin dramtica en las especies de plantas y de animales. Los antroplogos registraron una catstrofe global tan enorme que probablemente no sea superada a lo largo de la historia . Todavà ­a hay una pregunta en cuanto a la supervivencia humana ms all de la extensin global del plutonio vaporizado Chernobyl. Esto se relaciona no solamente con una etiqueta de plstico elemental, sino tambin con los efectos genticos, los cuales son mucho ms difà ­ciles de comprobar. Los defectos genticos, el cncer, la leucemia y los problemas de la fertilidad sern consecuencias probables. La variedad de impactos sobre el sistema inmune son tambin difà ­ciles de predecir. Sin embargo, la industria nuclear asume con seguridad que el pà ºblico no asociar la enfermedad con la contaminacin. Muchos continà ºan diciendo que las 31 personas que murieron luchando contra el fuego en Chernobyl fueron las à ºnicas và ­ctimas de la radiacin. Hace catorce atica, comenzaban a vivir lo imaginable: explotaba un reactor de la planta nuclear de Chernobyl. El desastre, fruto del error humano, sucedi tan r&aacut...

Othello by Julious Lester

The novel Othello by Julious Lester is one of the most interesting love stories I have ever read. Iago the greatest villain of all times plays with the red handkerchief to ruin and sometimes determine love for people. Othello loves his red handkerchief and gives it to Desdemona to have as a symbolism of love for them. Desdemona takes the handkerchief and puts it in her blouse. Othello has a headache when he gets home so Desdemona puts the red handkerchief to his head to make him feel better. Othello pushes away her hand and she drops the handkerchief. Later Emily sees the handkerchief and picks it up knowing it is Desdemonas. When Emily goes home Iago sees she has the handkerchief and asks her for it and tell her he will give it to Othello. Iago being the villain that he is takes the handkerchief and puts it next to Michael Casios head. When he wakes he notices the handkerchief and wonders how it got there but he just puts it in his pocket. Michael is waiting in the garden for Desdemona but Instead of Desdemona showing up Belinda shows up. She goes to hug him and she sees the handkerchief, she takes the handkerchief from him and asks him where he got the handkerchief. Michael swears he has no idea how he got it. Belinda takes the handkerchief and puts it next to her bosom. Othello thinks Desdemona is cheating on him so he goes to look for some proof of it. Othello is walking through the courtyard when he sees Belinda with the handkerchief hanging out her shirt. He goes up to her puts his hands around his neck and asks her where she got the handkerchief that belong to his beloved Desdemona. Belinda thinks it was Desdemonas then Michael Casio deserves to get in trouble for it, since he lied to me. Othello thinks to himself that if she got it from Michael Casio then Desdemona must have given it to Michael. He now thinks Desdemona has bean cheating in him. Othello feels that he is weak and h...

Free Essays on The Burden Of Proof

â€Å"burden of proof† are not specifically mentioned within the U.S. Constitution however is implied in a several amendments. The burden of proof and where it lies has been the subject of many court cases and decisions. There are plenty of questions in the area of burden such as; where does it lie in civil suits, in what cases is the prosecutor bear more of the burden and where does the defendant, and so on. Many of the research provided here is from court cases and decisions that have shaped how the burden of proof is balanced. The constitution is used to shape the decisions that were reached by these court cases. In the Fourth amendment Americans are guaranteed to â€Å"†¦ be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (U.S. Constitution). There are a number of court cases that outline the requirements for searches without a warrant. Searches without a warrant require the owner or occupant’s permission and the law is specific in where the burden lies in situations where consent is granted to search. â€Å"Government has burden of proving that search without warrant was consented to by the defendant† (Kovach v U.S., 1971). In another case the question was raised as to whether the prosecutor must also prove that the search was consented to freely and voluntarily by the property owner. â€Å"When search is grounded upon consent burden of justification of search, that is, that consent was freely and voluntarily given, falls sq uarely upon prosecution; question is one of mental awareness so that act of consent was consensual act of one who knew what he was doing and had reasonable appreciation of nature and significance ... Free Essays on The Burden Of Proof Free Essays on The Burden Of Proof Burden of proof is defined as â€Å"the level of proof which different parties are required to demonstrate to persuade a jury or judge in a civil or criminal case.† The words â€Å"burden of proof† are not specifically mentioned within the U.S. Constitution however is implied in a several amendments. The burden of proof and where it lies has been the subject of many court cases and decisions. There are plenty of questions in the area of burden such as; where does it lie in civil suits, in what cases is the prosecutor bear more of the burden and where does the defendant, and so on. Many of the research provided here is from court cases and decisions that have shaped how the burden of proof is balanced. The constitution is used to shape the decisions that were reached by these court cases. In the Fourth amendment Americans are guaranteed to â€Å"†¦ be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (U.S. Constitution). There are a number of court cases that outline the requirements for searches without a warrant. Searches without a warrant require the owner or occupant’s permission and the law is specific in where the burden lies in situations where consent is granted to search. â€Å"Government has burden of proving that search without warrant was consented to by the defendant† (Kovach v U.S., 1971). In another case the question was raised as to whether the prosecutor must also prove that the search was consented to freely and voluntarily by the property owner. â€Å"When search is grounded upon consent burden of justification of search, that is, that consent was freely and voluntarily given, falls sq uarely upon prosecution; question is one of mental awareness so that act of consent was consensual act of one who knew what he was doing and had reasonable appreciation of nature and significance ...

Collaborating with Families Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Collaborating with Families - Research Paper Example Fear makes the parent feel that the child is likely to cause pain or is a threat to their normal life. Dealing with a parent in denial; as a teacher I would encourage the parent to accept the condition of his/her child. Overcoming this emotion would enable the parent to bode better with his/her child and appreciate his/her condition. When it comes to dealing with a parent experiencing anxiety, I would assure the parent that his/her child would achieve their objectives in life. I would point out the achievements of the child and his/her potential. One of the roles is medical expert. The parent must comprehend her/his child’s medical issues or disability and constantly keep in touch with all that are involved in the child’s care. In addition, the parent is a personal future planner, assisting in planning for his/her child’s education and future by exploring all areas of interest, aptitude, strengths, and needs. Another role is acting as an advocate, speaking out in the best interest of his or her child. One of the stressors that Reese’s mom my experience is financial stressor, she has to come to terms with how she is going to raise money for her children’s upkeep without her husband. This may cause her to look for alternative means of raising money therefore, reducing the amount of time she has for Reese and her school. Another stressor is legal. Divorce is a legal process which Reese’s mom has to honor and walk through. The process is normally nerve wrecking and time consuming leaving Reese’s mom exhausted. This also might significantly reduce the amount of time she has for her daughter. One idea would be to seek financial help for Reese either through the school’s administration, or via institutions that deal with matters of children with special needs. Two, I would organize counseling sessions for Reese and involve her family. This would also act as boding session. This would enable me provide moral support for the

Concept Paper- Research Method, Measurement, and Summary sections Assignment

Concept Paper- Research Method, Measurement, and Summary sections - Assignment Example This has been attributed to societal aspects that predispose men to solicit for sex justifiably. In an effort to curb and eliminate sex trafficking, demand for services accrued from exploitation of sex trafficking victims has been identified as crucial point of focus for mitigation and intervention strategies. The reason for this is previous and current strategies directed at combating sex trafficking, which proved to have been one sided. The point is major intervention strategies have been directed at the supply side of sex trafficking, which leaves a gap in knowledge and data regarding aspects that drive sex trafficking on the demand side. This paper is aimed at highlighting the proposed research methods that reflect an applied study goal and demonstrate validity within the context of the chosen research design and overall scientific rigor. The research methods used within the framework of this study require a multi-faceted approach to facilitate the comprehensive gathering of data that is relevant and significant to demand reduction in sex trafficking. This requires research of the demand for sex trafficking to take on a mixed approach when applying methodology and intervention strategies. ... The research methods should also guarantee the validity of research study, which involves the correspondence between the measure and the thought or concept it is meant to measure (Moustakas, 2001). According to Moustakas (2001), comparability of the research study’s results and data should guarantee their external validity. Qualitative research methods facilitate the uncovering of intricate aspects of people’s experiences with sex trafficking. In particular, this method can be used to acquire data on the specific factors that determine and influence demand for sex trafficking (Bernstein, 2001). Qualitative research methods are ideal in uncovering societal factors that justify men’s foray into the world of sex trafficking, where they serve as the primary drive of the demand for sex trafficking. The stereotypes established in society that justify men’s foray and soliciting for commercial sex services can be evaluated and investigated through qualitative rese arch methods (Bernstein, 2001). Quantitative research methods enable the analysis and measurement of data (Moustakas, 2001). It makes it possible for researchers to separately evaluate independent and dependent variables in detail being applicable in hypothesis applied within the framework of experiments. Research into ending demand for sex trafficking should take into account that evaluation and investigations involve hidden portions of the population. Thus, research methodologies applied should be designed to address these circumstances and anticipate challenges that are going to be encountered due to this aspect. Hidden populations are individuals whose size and boundaries are unknown, and for whom no sampling frame exists (Moustakas, 2001). Qualitative methods require definitive

PDA SIM Strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PDA SIM Strategies - Assignment Example Also, there should be a target of assigning the necessary resources to the segments that are being profitable. This strategy might not be immediately very profitable, as there will probably be some more inherent costs, even though some profit is expected, which will help in the company's actual financial situation. It is essential to start thinking about producing and marketing new products with the same characteristics which the actual consumers need. The products that the customers want to be on the market should be concentrated on, rather than continuing to offer the same customized products. I have learned from this simulation that in order to create demand, there has to be adequate investment in hiring of sales offices, web centers, customer service, promotions and advertising. I feel that for better profitability, there must be good relations with suppliers and customers. According to Kreitner and Kinicki, "Effective change requires reinforcing new behaviors, attitudes and organizational practices" (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2004). Also, having the right products, in the exact moment seems to require quite some time, and I think this is another important issue to be considered. When an organisation has produced the right product or services, they would want to deliver it according to other current products and happenings in the actual market, and also according to what the competition is doing. I think it is important for the company to examine what the priorities are, and to review the currently established brand service prices.Since the X7 handheld is in its growth phase, there are many potential X7 customers in the market. So, most of the customers for the X7 will be new customers. 1. How you did on this round (Better or worse What was your score). Better 2. Why do you think you did better (or worse) I was able to appreciate the nature of the pda marketing strategies better. 3. What changes in strategy will you make for the final round The performance of the X7 is holding steady, as compared with the competition, so I will increase its production and sales Works cited Kreitner, R., Kinicki, A. (2003). Organizational behavior New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies. Retrieved February 12, 2007 from University of PhoenixResource, MBA520 Resource optimization website http://forio.com/pdasim.htm

Political Power in France 1780-1815 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Political Power in France 1780-1815 - Essay Example The period 1780-1815 was marked by various happenings in France. In the years before the French Revolution, France was experiencing difficult times. The cost of necessities had gone up tremendously. Bread, which was the staple food of the French, had its cost sky rocketing. The reason behind the price of bread going up was that a severe drought and extreme winter hit France. These conditions affected wheat yield which consequently affected bread production. Due to the law supply of bread and the high demand for the same from people, the prices went high. The poor Frenchmen could not afford bread. During the same period, King Louis XVI was in reign. He was weak and could not make decisions in time. He married Marie Antoinette with whom they lived lavishly at the expense of their countrymen. France was in huge debts following the policies of rulers before Louis XVI. Louis XIV and XV had used foreign policies that led France to costly wars. France was driven into deeper debts with the r oyal family and the nobility living lavishly. A taxation system that exempted the Nobility and Clergy was put in place. This was unfair since these were the well off people in society yet they were not to pay these taxes. All these and more factors that will be discussed in the paper will explain the unfolding that took place in France during the period 1780 to 1815. As mentioned earlier, the wars that were initiated by Louis XVI had put France in serious debts. Food scarcity was also becoming a very big problem. Economic problems were on the rise during this period. Suggestions by some ministers to tax the nobility were met with contempt. The problem of the serious debts was not going to be sorted if the nobility and the clergy continued to be exempted. By 1788, the attempts to salvage France from these debts were registered a failure. A meeting of the Estates-General was called by the King. The First Estate was made up of church members or the clergy. The second Estate constituted of the nobility, then the third Estate constituted of the remaining Frenchmen. The issue of classism was not uncommon during meetings. The third Estate, which constituted mostly of the Bourgeoisies, had the majority of members. The last meeting of the Estates-General had been held in 1614. Being the majority, the third Estate demanded greater representation in the house. Their demands were not met which led to their breaking away and forming the National Assembly. This group was the voice of the whole nation thereby challenging the King and the two orders. Liberalism that was fueled by the spirit of Enlightenment led to liberal-minded members of the clergy and nobility joining the National Assembly. The members of the National Assembly accentuated the need for the parliament in France being similar to that in Britain. These people swore to see to it that a constitution was written and sanctioned. The Tennis Court Oath as it came to be known was the movement by the National Assembly in their bid to get a new constitution for France. King Louis XVI, rallied up his troops against the supporters of the National Assembly, as well as, on the National Assembly members. Paris and Versailles were besieged by the King’s defense force. However, the king vacillated bringing the first act of the movement come to a stand. For the first time in the history of the French monarchy, Louis capitulated some of the power that was held absolute. This power had been considered absolute for over two centuries and many say that Louis XVI surrender jeopardized his authority over France. When France’s finance minister, Jacques Necker was dismissed, many were displeased. During the severe climatic conditions, food

Stereotypes and Media Influence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stereotypes and Media Influence - Essay Example 287) and (3) be responsible for communal discrimination as well as unfairness. Frequently, the â€Å"groups being stereotyped have little to say about how they are represented† (Merskin, p. 301). Stereotypes have a significant part in today's civilization - mainly in ‘misinformation’ or ‘half truth’. Stereotyping is as a preset conservative belief or idea of a person or group of individuals, held by several people. Stereotypes can be fundamental or intricate overviews, which â€Å"public apply to individuals or groups† (Merskin, p. 319), in accordance with their look, conduct and way of life. Stereotypes are present universally. However, the world appears to be getting better in a number of ways it seems nearly unattainable to release it from stereotypes. Stereotypes have been there from the start of time in daily life by means of faith, political affairs and the media. Human beings have the inclination to apply stereotypes in their wittiness, their depictions of others, and even in their way of life. One may think that it is feasible to get rid from such practices; nonetheless, if one observed the standard endorsements of misinformation, it would make this aim unfeasible. On the other hand, stereotypes are not negative at all times. Misinformation is a power, which can manipulate and have an effect on every person; making alterations in conduct, approach and ones thinking. It is as well identified that media affects its spectators by amending their opinions based on the data that they see. Large number of stereotypes televised by misinformation has related results. The media frequently utilizes as well as misrepresents stereotypes; nonetheless, considerable amount of people among society believe them. Television... The media frequently utilizes as well as misrepresents stereotypes; nonetheless, considerable amount of people among society believe them. Television programs, for instance, the Simpsons are filled with stereotypes during its thirty minutes of transmission. The Simpsons has a huge viewership that watch this program every day as it is aired in prime time. â€Å"Characters such as Apu are highly discriminated and stereotyped. On this show, Apu is characterized as an Indian immigrant, who prays to Ganesh, and he holds a highly noticeable and dissimilar accent†. This is a stereotype that is viewed by young kids and is recognized as comic; they relate this understanding towards individuals they meet in reality. Spectators of this program consider this knowledge to be entirely truthful for they hold slight or no understanding regarding that specific group. Despite the fact that the stereotypes publicized on television are misrepresented more often than not, they are pretty well ackn owledged by the viewers as the fact. The spectators who view such programs on a day-to-day basis do not identify the prejudiced content, which is being shown. In particular, media grabs the â€Å"interests of their audience through comedy, drama, and action which causes the viewers to disregard the immorality behind the content† (Schiappa, p. 259). Consequently, the usefulness of applying such stereotypes adds to the recognition of television programs. In contrast, the misinformation's utilization of stereotypes is not constantly a negative event. Misinformation’s use of stereotypes can occasionally provide one the enthusiasm to gain knowledge.

Political Power in France 1780-1815 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Political Power in France 1780-1815 - Essay Example The period 1780-1815 was marked by various happenings in France. In the years before the French Revolution, France was experiencing difficult times. The cost of necessities had gone up tremendously. Bread, which was the staple food of the French, had its cost sky rocketing. The reason behind the price of bread going up was that a severe drought and extreme winter hit France. These conditions affected wheat yield which consequently affected bread production. Due to the law supply of bread and the high demand for the same from people, the prices went high. The poor Frenchmen could not afford bread. During the same period, King Louis XVI was in reign. He was weak and could not make decisions in time. He married Marie Antoinette with whom they lived lavishly at the expense of their countrymen. France was in huge debts following the policies of rulers before Louis XVI. Louis XIV and XV had used foreign policies that led France to costly wars. France was driven into deeper debts with the r oyal family and the nobility living lavishly. A taxation system that exempted the Nobility and Clergy was put in place. This was unfair since these were the well off people in society yet they were not to pay these taxes. All these and more factors that will be discussed in the paper will explain the unfolding that took place in France during the period 1780 to 1815. As mentioned earlier, the wars that were initiated by Louis XVI had put France in serious debts. Food scarcity was also becoming a very big problem. Economic problems were on the rise during this period. Suggestions by some ministers to tax the nobility were met with contempt. The problem of the serious debts was not going to be sorted if the nobility and the clergy continued to be exempted. By 1788, the attempts to salvage France from these debts were registered a failure. A meeting of the Estates-General was called by the King. The First Estate was made up of church members or the clergy. The second Estate constituted of the nobility, then the third Estate constituted of the remaining Frenchmen. The issue of classism was not uncommon during meetings. The third Estate, which constituted mostly of the Bourgeoisies, had the majority of members. The last meeting of the Estates-General had been held in 1614. Being the majority, the third Estate demanded greater representation in the house. Their demands were not met which led to their breaking away and forming the National Assembly. This group was the voice of the whole nation thereby challenging the King and the two orders. Liberalism that was fueled by the spirit of Enlightenment led to liberal-minded members of the clergy and nobility joining the National Assembly. The members of the National Assembly accentuated the need for the parliament in France being similar to that in Britain. These people swore to see to it that a constitution was written and sanctioned. The Tennis Court Oath as it came to be known was the movement by the National Assembly in their bid to get a new constitution for France. King Louis XVI, rallied up his troops against the supporters of the National Assembly, as well as, on the National Assembly members. Paris and Versailles were besieged by the King’s defense force. However, the king vacillated bringing the first act of the movement come to a stand. For the first time in the history of the French monarchy, Louis capitulated some of the power that was held absolute. This power had been considered absolute for over two centuries and many say that Louis XVI surrender jeopardized his authority over France. When France’s finance minister, Jacques Necker was dismissed, many were displeased. During the severe climatic conditions, food