Ecopsychology Essay -- Religion Ecology Papers

EcopsychologyYou do not have to be good. You do not have to walk on your knees for a hundred miles through the desert, repenting. You only have to let the soft animal of your body love what it loves. Tell me about despair, yours, and I will tell you mine. slowdown the world goes no. Meanwhile the sun and the clear pebbles of rain are moving across the landscapes, all over the prairies and the deep trees, the mountains and the rivers. Meanwhile the wild geese, high in the clean blue air, are heading home again. Whoever you are, no matter how lonely, the world offers itself to your imagination, calls to you like the wild geese, harsh and exciting- over and over announcing your place in the family of things. Wild Geese by Mary Oliver Mary Olivers (Clinebell, 1996, p.188) poem has a lot to say about the relatively new approach to conservation called ecopsychology. Ecopsychology combines the human member from psychology, with the study of how biological systems work together from ecolo gy. A more in depth explanation of ecopsychology is that it seeks to help humans experience themselves as an integral exposit of personality (Strubbe 1997). When this is accomplished, humans can proceed to commit to helping heal the earth, as well as healing ourselves (Strubbe 1997, p. 293). In the past, environmental action has consisted of scaring and shaming those who over consume or do not recycle, which proved to be quite ineffective. Ecopsychology, in contrast, attempts to create positive and affirming motivations, derived from a bond of love and loyalty to nature (Bayland, 1995). Before tackling the principles, religious aspects, therapy, actions and education included in ecopsychology, it is essential to unde... ...ting a more earth-friendly human nature. Notre Dame University of Notre Dame Press.Mander, Jerry. (1991). In the Absence of the Sacred. San Francisco Sierra check Club.Miller, D. Patrick. (1994). The Voice of the Earth. The Sun, 220, 6-10.Roszak, Theodore (199 5). Ecopsychology Restoring the Earth, Healing the Mind. New York Sierra Press.My Shrink, My Sequoia Self, September 1994.Spilner, Maggie. (1997). Connecting with Nature. Walkers World, 128-132.Strubbe, Bill. (1997). The World as Self, The Self as World. World & I. Online, 12 (6), 12 pages. Available http//insite.palni.edu/WebZ/ acquirefulltext.html 1998, September 10.Tarkan, Laurie. (1997). Nurtured by Nature. Shape, 16 (7), 32.White, Jonathan (1994). The Unreturning Arrow. In Talking on Water Conversations about Nature and Creativity. San Francisco Sierra Club Books.

St. Boniface Essay -- Christian saints

St. Boniface, originally named Winfrith, was an extremely studious man, a converted monk, priest, missionary and at last martyr. Born in 672, near Exeter, England, St. Boniface at an early age developed a desire to follow the path of God and live a monastic life. Through non-stop prayer and religious practices, he tuned his mind and body to reach beyond the obstacles and entice ments of everyday life at his young adult age. He was a major influence on society during his life and affected the lives and history of Ger many another(prenominal) permanently. Often called the Apostle of Germany, St. Boniface was a strong believer in the principles of the church and truly wanted to open any pagan believers minds to the knowledgeable and rewarding path of the Christian life.In his youth, St. Boniface encountered many priests or clerics who traveled from townspeople to town. Through these spiritual conversations, it became evident to St. Boniface that he wanted to pursue a life with God. Ev entually, after continuos begging and his fathers fatal sickness, he was sent to the cover of the Monastery of Examchester. (Appleton) It is here, that St. Boniface expressed to the Abbot at the time, that he wanted to live a monastic life. The father of the monastery, after council, granted him his wish. Here is where the saint began to audition his love for God, and could begin his journey of the Christian life. After exceeding all expectations and surpassing the knowledge of his teachers, he moved to a neighboring monastery, called Nursling, whereby he study under the influence of Abbot Winbert.(St. Boniface Church) Here he gained vast knowledge of scriptures and the spiritual exposition of the Bible. Here, he gained such a reputation that men and women from far and wide traveled to study scriptures under his guidance. At the age of 30 he was humbly ordained a priest and yet another(prenominal) branch of his life was fulfilled. St. Boniface once again yearned to explore and tr avel. Through such ventures he could express the meaning of God to non believers and convert as many as possible. After continuos begging, Abbot Winbert gave in and Bonifaces petition was granted. During this journey, Bonifaces first obstacle appeared. King Radbod, the King of the Frisians, and Prince Charles, the noble Duke of the Franks bust out in ... ...spread their religion and did not stop until their death. It is interesting to find out that there were people like that , that dedicated so much of their lives for a cause. I am sure other saints accomplished as much as St. Boniface, but to my knowledge, he seemed like the most active and aggressive. He not only prayed for change, he went out and made it happen. He took journeys that lasted years, traveled aimlessly at times, from one ship to another converting pagans and spreading the boy as he went along. He even went on these missions in his elder years, though dangerous for his age, he continued until his death. Work Cite d PageAppleton, Robert. New Advent. St. Boniface. 3 November 2004 .Dunney, Joseph. Church History, St. Boniface Catholic Information Network. 20 March 2004.Garnett, Ken. Medieval Church.org.uk St. Boniface .St. Boniface Church. So-Who was St. Boniface? St. Boniface Church. 2002-2003.Talbot, C.H. The Anglo-Saxon Missionaries in Germany. New York Sheed and Ward, 1954.

Teenage Stress Essay -- essays research papers

Stress is the port the body reacts. It is an unavoidable consequence of life.Teen stress is a big bribe in todays society. Recent studies flummox shown that teens may develop more stress then adults. hardly a(prenominal) adults squirt remember the truth about adolescence. Their minds censor their memories, and have them believe that being a teenager was was one big party, free of cargons and responsibilities( ). on that point arent that many adults around who realize what adolescence was really like. The anguish, the fear, the anxiety, the stress. People dont remember those problems because they compulsion to forget them. Stress is a significant problem for teens. There are many factors that lead into teen stress, such as school, drugs, peer pressure and relationships. Few people can remember the truth about adolescence. Their minds censor their memories, and have them believe that being a teenager was was one big party, free of cares and responsibilities. There arent that many adults around who realise what adolescence was really like. The anguish, the fear, the anxiety, the stress. People dont remember those problems because they want to forget them. Stress is a reaction to external and internal pressure. It is a prevalent function that helps people in their daily lives ( ). Without some level of stress, individuals wouldnt have the motivation to meet deadlines or complete projects ( ). However normal stress can become a burden over a long period of time and this leads to chronic stress. Chronic stress is what people are referring to when they say that they are stressed out ( ). Stress can become even more overwhelming if chronic stress goes into overload, this is what is known as distress ( ... ...tes a with the way people deal with, things like smoking and drinking are some of the worse ways of dealing with stress( ). These are some of the most leafy vegetable ways to deal with stress. Teens classic statements are I?m stressed I need a cigarette( ). They go out and drink in that respect sorrows away. Theyre better ways to deal with things. You can easily go work out( ). Teens say that it could help too.Another great source of pressure is yourself. Teens try their hardest to be accepted among a certain group or circle. Whereas most of the time they are rejected and then become depressed. All of these aspects can cause teenagers to recover like their in way over their heads. There are many facors that lead into teen sress, such as school, drugs, peer pressure and relationships. But there are many ways of dealing with teenage stress.

Hiroshima and Nagasaki Essay -- History, Atomic Bomb

With the approval of American President Harry S. Truman, the fates of two Japanese cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki were sealed. This finale came with heavy hearts, as the United States attempted to end their involvement in World War II by using nuclear power against the landed estate of Japan. Trumans primary goal in this form of attack was to discontinue the war as quickly as possible, while also sending a message to the enemy and establish the United States as the leader in nuclear energy. Beginning as a secret operation labeled the Manhattan sound projection, atomic assails became the new weapons of mass destruction. The evident frontrunner in nuclear technology, the United States was the first country to release atomic bombs on another nation for war purposes (not including testing), lastly creating a window for todays modern combat. Even though it was common knowledge between scientists since 1939 that nuclear warfare was a possibility, no specialists tacit the process of inve nting the explosive devices. The United States, along with the United Kingdom, underhandedly worked on the Manhattan project, doling out and collaborating information until the atom bomb was completed. It was a necessity for this international political relation project to remain a secret, in order to make sure that Germany did not make any atomic discoveries before the solelyied powers, and to surprise the Japanese with the bombings. With this goal in mind, it was essential that information would not Due to this cloak-and-dagger secrecy, the attacks were unexpected to the inhabitants of Japan, especially the residents of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.With specific objectives, the United States decision to drop an atomic bomb on Hiroshima required extensive research lea... ...tops within ten miles of the city there came unofficial and confused reports of a terrible explosion in Hiroshima. All of these reports were transmitted to the Headquarters of the Japanese General Staff (Avalon Pro ject Chapter 7, par. 3) .Upon a staff officers flight survey of Hiroshima, after flying for closely three hours, while still nearly 100 miles from Hiroshima, he and his pilot saw a great demoralize of smoke from the bomb. In the bright afternoon, the carcass of Hiroshima were burning (Avalon Project Chapter 7, par. 4-5). While the damage was being observed, a great scar on the land, still burning, and covered by a heavy cloud of smoke, was all that was left of a great city. They landed south of the city, and the staff officer immediately began to organize relief measures, after reporting to Tokyo (Avalon Project Chapter 7, par. 6).

Summary of Hamlet :: Hamlet William Shakespeare Plays Essays

Summary of settlementHamlet is the son of the late King Hamlet (of Denmark), who died two months before the start of the play. After King Hamlets death, his brother, Claudius, becomes king, and marries King Hamlets widow, Gertrude (Queen of Denmark). schoolgirlish Hamlet fears that Claudius killed his own brother (Hamlets father) to become king of Denmark, greatly angering Hamlet. Two officers, Marcellus and Barnardo, summon Hamlets friend Horatio, and later Hamlet himself to see the late King Hamlets tad appear at midnight. The ghost tells Hamlet privately that Claudius had indeed murdered King Hamlet by pouring poison in his ear. Hamlet is bring forward enraged and plots of how to revenge his fathers death.In his anger, Hamlet seems to act like a madman, prompting King Claudius, his wife Gertrude, and his advisor Polonius to send Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to spy on Hamlet and figure out why he is acting mad. Hamlet even treats Polonius daughter Ophelia rudely, prompting Polo nius to believe Hamlet is madly in love with her, though Claudius expects otherwise. Polonius, a man who talks too long- windedly, had allowed his son Laertes to go to France (then sent Reynaldo to spy on Laertes) and had ordered Ophelia not to associate with Hamlet. Claudius, fearing Hamlet may elbow grease to kill him, sends Hamlet to England. Before leaving, however, Hamlet convinces an acting company to reenact King Hamlets death before Claudius, in the hopes of causing Claudius to break down and ask to murdering King Hamlet. Though Claudius is enraged, he does not admit to murder. Hamlets mother tries to reason with Hamlet after the play, while Polonius spied on them from behind a curtain. Hamlet hears Polonius, and kills him through with(predicate) the curtain, thinking the person is Claudius. When finding out the truth, Hamlet regrets the death, yet Claudius still sends him to England, accompanied by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with orders from Claudius that the English k ill Hamlet as shortly as her arrives.After Hamlet leaves, Laertes returns from France, enraged over Polonius death. Ophelia reacts to her fathers death with utter madness and eventually falls in a stream and drowns, further angering Laertes. En route to England, Hamlet finds the orders and changes them to order Rosencrantz and Guildenstern killed, as does occur, though Hamlet is kidnapped by pirates one day later. The pirates return Hamlet to Claudius (for a ransom), and Claudius tries one last act to eliminate Hamlet he arranges a sword duel between Laertes and Hamlet.

Summary of Hamlet :: Hamlet William Shakespeare Plays Essays

Summary of small townHamlet is the son of the late tycoon Hamlet (of Denmark), who died devil months before the start of the play. After King Hamlets end, his brother, Claudius, becomes king, and marries King Hamlets widow, Gertrude (Queen of Denmark). Young Hamlet fears that Claudius killed his own brother (Hamlets father) to become king of Denmark, greatly angering Hamlet. Two officers, Marcellus and Barnardo, summon Hamlets champ Horatio, and later Hamlet himself to see the late King Hamlets ghost appear at midnight. The ghost tells Hamlet privately that Claudius had indeed murdered King Hamlet by pouring poison in his ear. Hamlet is further enraged and plots of how to revenge his fathers death.In his anger, Hamlet seems to act like a madman, command prompt King Claudius, his wife Gertrude, and his advisor Polonius to send Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to spy on Hamlet and figure out why he is acting mad. Hamlet even treats Polonius daughter Ophelia rudely, prompting Polonius to believe Hamlet is madly in love with her, though Claudius expects otherwise. Polonius, a man who talks too long- windedly, had allowed his son Laertes to go to France (then sent Reynaldo to spy on Laertes) and had ordered Ophelia not to associate with Hamlet. Claudius, fearing Hamlet may try to kill him, sends Hamlet to England. Before leaving, however, Hamlet convinces an acting company to reenact King Hamlets death before Claudius, in the hopes of causing Claudius to break down and admit to murdering King Hamlet. Though Claudius is enraged, he does not admit to murder. Hamlets mother tries to reason with Hamlet afterward the play, while Polonius spied on them from behind a curtain. Hamlet hears Polonius, and kills him through the curtain, thinking the person is Claudius. When finding out the truth, Hamlet regrets the death, yet Claudius still sends him to England, come with by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with orders from Claudius that the English kill Hamlet as soon as her arrives.After Hamlet leaves, Laertes returns from France, enraged over Polonius death. Ophelia reacts to her fathers death with utter madness and lastly falls in a stream and drowns, further angering Laertes. En route to England, Hamlet finds the orders and changes them to order Rosencrantz and Guildenstern killed, as does occur, though Hamlet is kidnapped by pirates one daytime later. The pirates return Hamlet to Claudius (for a ransom), and Claudius tries one last attempt to eliminate Hamlet he arranges a sword duel between Laertes and Hamlet.

God created Essay

The dawn breaks and the sun peers over the horizon. Another day has come and its new oppotunities seize my imagination. In the beginning, there was only darkness. It is the alike(p) darkness that clouds the hearts and minds of men. It sows seeds of fear to paralyze great men into inaction. Thoughts of impending failure and the unsatisfactory results of the past stunts progress and innovation. The valiant and the just stay their hold in the face of tyranny. The wise pass no verdict or judgement to protect the weak and the oppressed.Opportunities to promote the common good are confounded and nothing changes. The darkness prevails as time claims the old and weary. But then, God created light and vanquished the darkness. And with the darkness, the fear that plagued domain faded into nothingness. Regardless of the possibility failure and despair, man pursued success and happiness. Even in the face of death or humiliation, men fought for what was right and what was just. The cycle of m onotony and subsistence was broken as the opportunities, great and small, were seized by the wise and the brave.The world changed and life evolved. The Lord called this light the sun. It is the light that breaks the darkness of the night to usher in the dawn of a new day. It heralds in the interminable possibilites that one can do today. Its daily cycle promises to illuminate the dead night of yesterday and to offer even greater opportunities tomorrow. It is this promise of opportunities that seizes my imagination. It wakes me up in the morning and drives me to live everyday to the full. It is these inevitable infinite opportunities that help me decide what the world will be.

Self Directed Work Team

A Briefing on egotism Directed bunk Team ( SDWT ) by Group 5Self Directed Work Team is a powerful construct since the ancient Roman host and today about 68 % of fortune 1000 companies go across SDWT construct including Ford, GM, P & A G, FedEx, etc. ( Lawler, Mohrman, & A Ledford,1995 ) .DefinitionVecchio ( 2003, p.107 ) defined Self Directed Work Teams ( SDWT ) as a extremely trained group of six to eighteen employees that is to the panoptic responsible for making a specific product . And harmonizing to an article in Entrepreneur Connect ( Anon, 1995 ) self -directed police squads are little groups of employees who have duty for guide offing themselves and their depart .Success in today s disputing competitory environment is based on employee countenance and squad work ( Boyett & A Boyett, 1998 ) . This could be closely related to Herzberg s motivation factor which was later merely defined by Barbara ( n.d. ) as what makes you work well .M any(prenominal) companies are at tracted to this guile because of the chance of flattening the faceal construction in these times when retrenchment, flattening and work procedure reengineering are so important ( Coates and Miller, 1995 ) . SDWT conveys to increased organisational effectivity and employee satisfaction ( Forsyth, 1999 ) which in today s c one timern is being the competitory advantage ( Ron Williams, n.d ) .Advantages of SDWTGeneral Motors, Proctor & A Gamble & A Xerox by implementing SDWT resulted in about 30-40 % amelioration in productivity ( Bruce, n.d. ) . In Kodak client aid Centre SDWT resulted in 100 % addition in net incomes ( Anon, n.d. ) .FedEx improved their service by cut downing the freeing of bundles and wrong charge by 13 % . Rubbermaid increased gross re locales by 50 % above projectionsQuality betterment.Increased productiveness and reduced cost.Highly flexible.Simpler occupation categorization and each appendage know every procedure through occupation rotary motion which wil l cut down dependence one individual.Better invention and creativeness.Team processs are actuate by occupation satisfaction, authorization, trust, feel of ownership & A personal growing which in bend benefit the company as a whole.SDWT is being a vehicle for conveying in the Total Quality Management construct in an organisation ( Vecchio,2006, p.112 )Following statistics based on a followup of organisation that transplantred to SDWT ( John Cotter, n.d. ) good prove the positive impact.93 % reported improve productiveness86 % reported reduced operating cost86 % reported improved quality70 % reported better employee attitudes habituated the above advantages and success narratives thither are effects and jobs in disputing the success of SDWT and even driving to the opposite way to failure.Consequences of SDWTElimination of supervisory place.The demand for displacement from safekeeping the determination doing power to deputation and leting liberty. In other words supervisor should move as a facilitator and supply counsel to teams particularly outside the squads countries of expertness. Supervisors should snap off communicating and supervise the effectivity. Leaderships promote squad work and corporation ( Brillhart, 1983 ) . The key in supervisory function is to actuate Self-Direction . In an hearing with Sterling Health USA, employees frequently quoted that Before, the group attracter made all the determinations. You did nt cognize why the determinations were made now we do ( Peter, 1999 ) . But is the squad leader specify to accept the passage from keeping the power to deputation? Is S/He ready to better the accomplishments to measure up as a facilitator? fatality for heavy investing in preparation. Training needed for both supervisors and squad members in constructing assorted accomplishments. Cloke and Goldsmith ( 2002, pp 205-214 ) identified 10 accomplishments those are indispensable for members of the work squads to develop self steering, communi cating, in the lead, duty, back uping diverseness, feedback and rating, strategic stick outning, determining successful meeting, deciding struggles and enjoyment. Williams ( n.d. ) mentioned It is non uncommon for autonomous work squads to pass 20 % of their clip in ongoing training . Organization willing to implement SDWT should use a clear preparation scheme including cross preparation chance and resources. Top direction should plan the preparation policy and budget for it.Need for much flatter and flexible organisational construction.The determination doing authorization is transformed to the squad members to extinguish waste of clip trusting on blessings from directors. Autonomy, liberty, authorization are the cardinal participants in success of SDWT which is facilitated merely on train constructions. Duties assigned to workers in GM clearly indicate the demand for level construction. ( William,1999, p.11 )Duty for quality control.Duty for care and little fixs.Duty for safe ty.Duty for capital budgeting and operational budgeting.Duty for staffing.SDWT to get down executing takes long period.As per William ( 1999 ) SDWTs jakes non be created immediately it can take 2 to 5 old ages to to the full implement. Some companies might non hold the clip or resources to travel through this procedurePhases of organizing SDWTPhase one ( Start-Up ) Goal readying, account of intent, member choice and edifice trust ( 6-9months ) .Phase two ( State of confusion ) Technical aid, feedback, implementing processs to back up self way, and preparation. ( 6-9months ) .Phase three ( Leader centered squad ) Promoting leading activity among team members. ( 6-12months ) .Phase four ( Tightly formed squads ) Deciding struggles, start pull offing on ain, pass oning resource demand and ends. ( 6-12months ) .Phase five ( Self way ) Maintain ego assurance and ego regard of others. Strong partnership with internal and external clients.Consequently, if you look at the clip and prepar ation mixed in SDWT s it might non be suited for an environment with a high employee turnover.Need for greater leading development.As the organisation would no longer map in a traditional mode the leaders or directors need to construct their ability to let and promote such a high degree of authorization, which can be tackled with specially created plans ( Coates and Miller, 1995 ) .Problems of SDWTTeam members approached the impregnation point of larning through occupation rotary motion and would hold achieved the maximal degree of gaining i.e. works rate where no more room for psychological or fiscal encouragements ( Vecchio, 2006, p.113 ) . Again while speaking approximately wage as a incentive does it truly matter? domiciliate honor and acknowledgment be the incentive to guarantee go oning public presentation of the employees ( Vecchio, 2006, p.84 ) . Besides the public presentation measuring system should non make any competition within squad members which will cut down co-op eration and impact the success of SDWT.Another major challenge is acquiring people to stay committed to the betterment of the procedures when they realize that they may be working themselves out of a occupation. The employees involved in autonomous work squads must hold a great spate of trust so that employees are non concerned about their occupation security ( Anon, 1995 ) .Conflict direction would be another critical and sensitive issue. Again each squad member has different personalities and perceptual experiences. Here comes the importance of needed accomplishments from facilitator. A civilization of cognition sharing has to be built in.Another inquiry is that, are employees ready to be self directed? Whether they have capacity and accomplishments? Of class proper preparation would be in topographic point but still just about employees prefer director s way on what to make instead than make up ones minding on their ain. Here comes the demand for choosing appropriate squad memb ers which is once more depending on the endowment of facilitator.Is the organisation policies and civilization is supportive in reassigning power and authorization to team members?Other jobs would be marks of certitude which lead to members willing to take excess ordinary hazard, members disregarding the estimable effects, corporate rationalisation and underestimating capablenesss of other groups which may take to failure and fiscal losingss. ( Craig, 2005, p.219 )Given the fact authorization is a cardinal to win in SDWT will all the directors support this? Foegen ( 1999 ) stated on the loss of control If one person makes all the determinations in a given section, for illustration, his or her control is across-the-board. Focus is obvious and univocal. But when authorization is delegated, that focal point becomes blurred, determination devising is diffused, and duty s venue is frequently less certain. He besides stated deputation and authorization can diminish the self image of t he directors. The other booby traps of authorization would be deficiency of lucidity, direction s position as shared control / loss of control etc.Finally it would necessitate legion alterations in procedures and processs and necessitate a wad more clip to do SDWT s successful in a nonionized section.DecisionBefore a company can make up ones mind to implement ego directed work squads, Coates and Miller ( 1995 ) point out certain state of affairss or occupation Fieldss in which this method may non work. These includeWhen there is a demand for way or supervising. This is frequently needed for occupations which may be unpleasant, backbreaking, fast paced or hazardous.When minimum squad interaction is required. In occupations such as these employees may happen it hard to take each other.When a deficiency of professional adulthood exists among team members.An involuntariness to do the attempt exists.The inability to provide into on a regular basis as a squad.Work groups with any of the se five features would happen it hard to work efficaciously and may hold to fall back to the traditional method of direction. Statisticss shows that authorization has about a 50 % success rate and it is found that major ground for this is deficiency of direction committedness to the alteration procedure. One of the companies failed by utilizing SDWT is The Airline people s Express. ( Fisher, 2000, p.26 ) .MentionAnon. ( 1995 )Taking the Mystery Out of Self -Directed Work Teams,Entrepreneur Connect Online . Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/17227174.html ( Accessed 21 elevated 2009 ) .Anon ( n.d. )Teams, the good, the bad and the ugly Online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //faculty.css.edu/dswenson/web/T & A DlearnCo/gains-lossesofteams.html ( Accessed 22 August 2009 )Boyett, J. & A Boyett, J. ( 1998 )The guru usher The best of the top direction minds. New York John Wiley and Sons, Inc.Brillhart, J. ( 1983 )Effec tive group treatment.fifth erectile dysfunction. Dubuque, Iowa William Brown Co.Bruce K.Bernard ( n.d )Fixing for Autonomous Work Teams Online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //209.85.229.132/ lookup? q=cache rEhTVduzfRMJ www.ux1.eiu.edu/bkbarnard/preparing2.ppt+self+directed+work+teams+ppt & A cd=7 & A hl=en & A ct=clnk & A gl=ae ( Accessed 21 August 2009 ) .Cloke, K and Goldsmith, J ( 2002 )The End of Management and the Rise of Organizational Democracy. Questia Online Library Online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.questia.com/read/111621737? title=The % 20End % 20of % 20Management % 20and % 20the % 20Rise % 20of % 20Organizational % 20Democracy ( Accessed 21 August 2009 ) .Coates, D. & A Miller, M. ( 1995 ) Self Directed Teams Lessons Learned for Local Government ,Public Management, 77 ( 12 ) , p. 16, Questia Online Library Online . Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.questia.com/read/5001654373? title=Self-Directed % 20Teams % 3 a % 20Lessons % 20Learned % 20for % 20Local % 20Government ( Accessed 21August 2009 ) .Craig E. Johnson. ( 2005 )Meeting the ethical challenges of leading.2nd erectile dysfunction. USA Sage Publications Inc.Ed Rose & A Steve Buckley. ( 1999 )Self Directed work Teams, A Trainer s Role in the Passage.United statess Intersil Coporation.Foegen, J.H. ( 1999 ) Why non empowerment ,Business and scotch Review,Apr-Jun 1999 Online . Available from hypertext transfer protocol //findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa5313/is_199904/ai_n21437565/ ( Accessed 22 August 2009 )Forsyth, D. ( 1999 )Group kineticss.3rd erectile dysfunction. New York Brooks/Cole-Wadsworth.Jeffrey Christopher Bauer ( 2002 )A Longitudinal Evaluation of The Impact of Organizational Structure on Role Ambiguity and Work Group Performance Online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.ucclermont.edu/BAUERJ/JCBauerDissertationFinal.htm ( Accessed 21 August 2009 ) .Kimball Fisher. ( 2000 ) .Leading Self Directed Work T eams, A Guide to underdeveloped New Team Leadership Skils.United statess McGraw-Hill.Peter B.Grazier ( 1999 )Populating with a ego directed work squad & A why autonomy plant A reappraisal of Herzberg s Concepts Online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.teambuildinginc.com/article_selfdirected.htm ( Accessed 21 August 2009 ) .Robert P. Vecchio ( 2006 )Organizational Behavior, 6th erectile dysfunction. Mason, OH, USA Thomson Corporation South-Western.Robert T.Howell ( 2001 )Fostering Autonomous Team Members Online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.teambuildinginc.com/article_selfdirected.htm ( Accessed 21August 2009 ) .Williams, R. ( n.d. )Autonomous Work Teams A Competitive Advantage online Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.qualitydigest.com/nov95/html/self-dir.html ( Accessed 20 August 2009 ) .

How and why did USA become involved in the Vietnam War Essay

In march 12, 1947 with the truman doctrine and the newly introduced policy of containment regular army decided to award itself with status of policeman of the world giving themselves a permission to intervene some(prenominal)where in the world when they consider it is neccessary. This was the policy that allowed them to interpose in vietnam. Vietnamese plenty under the leadership of ho ki mihn, founder of viet minh defeated French at diem bien phu who had controll over whole indochina (thailand, vietnam, combodia, laos).Although usa was sending aid to french they didnt help much because prexy eisenhower has except been elected to end the korean war therefore he didnt want to involve usa in another conflict. However after french defeat and the devision of vietnam into north which was communist and southwestward usa started to realize the danger of communism spreading into asia and saw vietnam as a puppet in pass on of ussr and china. in convinction that responsibility for the domino effect will be theirs if they wont do anything. n 1954 usa prevented the re- join free elections from taking place, foreboding uniting vietnam under communist goverment. this time they showed their resilient attitude, considering their disapproval with ussr, not holding free elections in their sattelites. nevertheless there were no elections and usa picked up anti-communist diem to incur a president of south vietnam.This decision led to many another(prenominal) protest especially from buddhist monks since diem was ignorat to their religion and culture, he himself cosmos christian. uring his reign he forbade any elections and set members of his family into important positions. his corruption and way of controling south vietnam was the reason for more and more people joining the national front for the liberation of south vietnam, the viet cong. although usa didnt agree with his governance after his murder they continued to support his equally corrupt successor.Meantime, in u sa after kennedys assasination new president was elected with completely different attitude. b johnson seemed more considered about vietnam and sent more and more military personel, the so called advisors to vietnam. During his leadership he achieved the tonkin gulf issue under suspicious coincidences of the tonkin gulf incident, giving him ultimate power to launch immediate attack or start war without the need of consulting the idea with senate or advisors. lbj was the most involved president in vietnam war and he started the open war with vietnam.When advisors were not enough and the infiltration of north vietnamese in south vietnam became with increasing number of attacs intorelable problem, in march 1965 lbj decided to launch the operation rolling thunder, bombing of the North Vietnam and Ho Chi Minhs trail which was the major(ip) mean of supplying south vietnam by Viet Cong. within a short time usa realized that this tactics is not appropriate solely they were in convinction t hat easing would signal their weakness. n addition this operation lasted for eight years where high explosives, herbicides to destroy the jungle and defoliant agent orange were used and more bombs were dropped on vietnam than on germany by all the allies during the second world war. despite the growing objections johnson launched full-scale war with the first conventional warfare in ia drang vale which both sides considered as victory. Although americans inflicted greater losses than they have suffered (a300 v2000), vietnamese held their positions.This way the war continued for number of years marked with disappointed negotiations with main problem of diplomacy frequently undermined by military activity at a critical moment. In 1967 in south Vietnam were held the free elections but without any communist party. Thieu was elected with a low vote but finally usa could say they are defending democratically elected goverment. in following years after the failure of previous operations, operations search and destroy was introduced which main aims were defending us bases, launching search and destroy missions.another(prenominal) operation, an attempt to win the hearts and minds of the peasant was also complete failure, highlighting the main American problem misapprehension of the culture of Vietnamese people. The Vietnam war being the first televised war hugely influenced it and seeing the happenings in vietnam many student protests took place in usa, especially after the Mai Lay massacre which shocked people being the evidence that something in this war has gone wrong. n 1967 increase of bombing by more than 50%, generals pacify requsting more men and viet cong still holding their positions even advancing (the tet offesnive 1968) and more than 3 000 000 casualities made johnson slowly realize that this war he will not win. In 1968 johnson after many absurd years of fighting informed public that usa will halt bombing, awaiting peace talks. the president has given up ending this terrible mistaking and resignated, Vietnam finally became free, united and communist.

Soc Week 4 Paper

Week 4 Assignment 1 Soc 100 July 29, 2012 In this paper I will be discussing the article Study of delinquent, diverted, and high- danger teenaged girls Implications for mental health intervention. I will start by giving a brief summary of the article I have chosen. Followed by discussing the type of article this is and my conclusion I have drawn form the information found in this article.Lastly I will discuss how this article fits into our sociology screen out as well as how this article differs from non-scholarly periodicals The article begins by describing the issue of increasing numbers of teenager girls being entered into our nations juvenile discriminative system. The study aims to assess the most common risk factors that are affecting adolescent girls being entered into the juvenile discriminatory system. It also aims to predominate the effectiveness of the ginmill factors in place to keep adolescents out of the system.For the study a survey was administered over the cou rse of nine months to a hundred and fifty-nine adolescent girls. These adolescent girls were broken into three categories delinquent, diverted and high-risk. Delinquent girls are the girls that have been entered in the juvenile justice system in some form ranging from home alimony to a penitentiary. The diverted girls group consists of girls that have engaged in behaviors that have brought them to the attention of the juvenile justice system but instead of being entered into the judicial system were referred to some form of community-based services.Lastly is the high-risk group which are girls are receiving services in programs as a result of problems or behaviors that have them at risk of involvement with the juvenile justice system. The risk factors assessed included delinquent behavior, experiences of discrimination, negative life events, child trauma such as abuse or neglect, depression and suicide attempts just to name a few. Some of the protective factors assessed included me ntal health services used, positive school experiences, positive peer involvement and rational coping behaviors.The results from the surveys provided the information that on average the girls in all program types reported mild to moderate levels of depression, but girls in shut residential juvenile justice placement were significantly more depressed than girls involved in the home-based programs. Another surprising result was that nearly one trine of the total sample had reported that they have considered suicide. In almost every scenario girls in closed residential juvenile justice placement experienced high numbers in child trauma, negative age and peer relations, delinquent behavior etc. he only factor that all the girls represented standardised experiences were in the form of discrimination. All girls reported some form of discrimination but no one group reported increased amounts. This article is a combination of previous research and new data because though this research a dded the element of high risk adolescents there has been previous research done traffic with delinquents and diverted adolescents.I also like the article stated find the research to be incomplete in that no true definitive conclusions can be drawn from the limited samples taken solely in this study. From this article I believe that there should be more focus on understanding the risk factors that contribute to delinquency in adolescents. I also believe there should be more preventive programs in place to help promote beseeming mental health for our adolescents which I believe will lead to less adolescents in our juvenile judicial system.Though we may not be able to drop by the wayside the predisposed risk factors such as impoverished conditions, having unstable family systems, living in multiple out-of-home placements we can change the programs in place to better software documentation adolescents in these situations. I believe this article enforces the concepts we have learned in chapter five on socialization. This article proves how much early childhood experiences and the family element playfulness a role in development of adolescents. I believe more research in the mental development of underprivileged adolescents needs to be done.I am a firm believer that there are not enough programs in place to aid underprivileged children in this country and that we take similarly much of a one size fits all approach in development of our adolescents. search like this proves there are mental development differences symbiotic on your upbringing and early family element and more work needs to be done to aid these adolescents. From my experience I generally find the existent in scholarly periodicals has more reliable information than non-scholarly periodicals.I find that the scholarly periodicals are usually written by or reported by the nation actually performing the research. Non-scholarly periodicals are generally written for the general public and usually ar e a summary of information found elsewhere. I find both scholarly and non-scholarly periodicals to be very similar in many aspects simply because the main goal is to get the information out. This being said it not uncommon to find flashy titles or distinguishing fonts to help draw and audience.I believe this paper provides a clear explanation of the concepts expressed in the article as they pertain to adolescent girls involved in the juvenile judicial system. From the results of the study I believe that it is clear that this is a rising issue and without a run to better the situation it will only get worse. Work Cited Ruffolo, Mary C. , Sarri, Rosemary. , Goodkind, Sara.. Study of delinquent, diverted, and high-risk adolescent girls Implications for mental health intervention. Social Work Research 4(2004)237. eLibrary. Web. 29 Jul. 2012.

Compromise of 1850

The Compromise of 1850 was a series of acts passed in 1850, by which the United States Congress hoped to square offtle the strife surrounded by the opponents of buckle downry in the North and buckle down owners in the South. There is much speculation about how our country would be without this Compromise. The Compromise is a major stepping endocarp in United States history because of its many forces and provisions. Californias admission to the substance would tip the balance in favor of free statessixteen free states to fifteen slave states.A balance had been achieved with the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which seek to dance orchestratle the growing slavery final payment at that time by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. The proposed admission of California in 1850 was further complicated by unresolved slavery questions in the spacious southwestern territory that had been ceded to the United States after the war with Mexico ended in 1848 with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. As he had done with the Missouri Compromise thirty geezerhood earlier, U.S. Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky attempted to find a resultant in 1850. This time the stakes were higherthe real possibility that the summation would break apart. straight off seventy-one eld old and in ill health, Clay gave his last great speech to the Senate on February 56, 1850, outlining the many features of the compromise, which once again seek to give satisfaction to both sides, and staking his reputation upon its passage. It was Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois, though, who successfully crafted the measures.The Compromise of 1850 called for the admission of California as a free state as well as the organization of the ceded southwestern land into the territories of New Mexico and Utah, without mention of slavery. It stated that, when the territories became states, voting citizens living in those territories could then decide on their slavery status, a dissolvent k nown as popular sovereignty. The compromise also settled the boundary dispute among Texas and New Mexico and called for prohibition of slavery in the District of Columbia. precisely by far the most contentious part of the Compromise of 1850 was the Fugitive Slave Act. It was the second of such acts, the first having been passed in 1793. Southern states demanded it largely in response to the growing anatomy of fugitive slaves who were escaping to freedom in the North or into Canada. The act not only called for the return of runaway slaves, as the front law had done, but prohibited the fugitives a trial by jury or even to testify in their own behalf.In addition, marshals in the North who did not enforce the law were given heavy penalties, as were those who helped slaves to escape. The act was so severe and the outrage against it in the North so aggravated that it led to heavy abuses and therefore defeated its own purpose. Some Northern states passed personal liberty laws to defy t he Fugitive Slave Act. The subprogram of escapees increased, as did the number of abolitionists who took up the cause against slavery.Putting the law into effect only led to more animosity between North and South, and when South Carolina justified its secession from the Union in December 1860, it listed the personal liberty laws as one of its grievances. The Fugitive Slave Act was not repealed until June 28, 1864, well into the Civil War. The Compromise of 1850 accomplished what it set out to do it kept the nation united but the solution was only temporary. Over the following decade the countrys citizens became further divided over the number of slavery. The rift would continue to grow until the nation itself divided.Compromise of 1850The Compromise of 1850 was a series of acts passed in 1850, by which the United States Congress hoped to settle the strife between the opponents of slavery in the North and slave owners in the South. There is much speculation about how our country would be without this Compromise. The Compromise is a major stepping sway in United States history because of its many forces and provisions. Californias admission to the Union would tip the balance in favor of free statessixteen free states to fifteen slave states.A balance had been achieved with the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which tried to settle the growing slavery issue at that time by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. The proposed admission of California in 1850 was further complicated by unresolved slavery questions in the colossal southwestern territory that had been ceded to the United States after the war with Mexico ended in 1848 with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. As he had done with the Missouri Compromise thirty years earlier, U.S. Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky attempted to find a solution in 1850. This time the stakes were higherthe real possibility that the Union would break apart. instantaneously seventy-one years old and in ill health, Clay gave his last great speech to the Senate on February 56, 1850, outlining the many features of the compromise, which once again tried to give satisfaction to both sides, and staking his reputation upon its passage. It was Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois, though, who successfully crafted the measures.The Compromise of 1850 called for the admission of California as a free state as well as the organization of the ceded southwestern land into the territories of New Mexico and Utah, without mention of slavery. It stated that, when the territories became states, voting citizens living in those territories could then decide on their slavery status, a solution known as popular sovereignty. The compromise also settled the boundary dispute between Texas and New Mexico and called for prohibition of slavery in the District of Columbia. that by far the most contentious part of the Compromise of 1850 was the Fugitive Slave Act. It was the second of such acts, the first having been passed in 1793. Southern states demanded it largely in response to the growing number of fugitive slaves who were escaping to freedom in the North or into Canada. The act not only called for the return of runaway slaves, as the old law had done, but prohibited the fugitives a trial by jury or even to testify in their own behalf.In addition, marshals in the North who did not enforce the law were given heavy penalties, as were those who helped slaves to escape. The act was so severe and the outrage against it in the North so raging that it led to heavy abuses and therefore defeated its own purpose. Some Northern states passed personal liberty laws to defy the Fugitive Slave Act. The number of escapees increased, as did the number of abolitionists who took up the cause against slavery.Putting the law into effect only led to more animosity between North and South, and when South Carolina justified its secession from the Union in December 1860, it listed the personal liberty laws as o ne of its grievances. The Fugitive Slave Act was not repealed until June 28, 1864, well into the Civil War. The Compromise of 1850 accomplished what it set out to do it kept the nation united but the solution was only temporary. Over the following decade the countrys citizens became further divided over the issue of slavery. The rift would continue to grow until the nation itself divided.

Appearance versus reality Essay

Appearance versus realityAppearance versus reality is an important theme in William Shakespeares Macbeth. The theme focuses on characters who are deceived by what appears to be real, and on the tragic consequences that follow this error in judgement. By evaluating the modal value the play shows that appearances are deceptive and the consequences of each pretence it is apparent that Shakespeare is conveying the message that each humans must make a last whether to choose the world of appearance or real world concerns. This suggests that the characters who choose to be authentic provide gain rewards and the characters who are deceptive give touch the consequences.Throughout the play there are many examples of how appearances are deceptive and characters choose the world or appearance rather than of real world concerns. The audience is immediately introduced to the idea of appearance rather than reality through the supernatural witches. In act 1 scene 1 they say Fair is foul, and fo ul is fair this is an idea that contradicts itself, and is used to foreshadow the fact that characters in the play who seem to be straightforward and righteous (Macbeth and Lady Macbeth) may actually be tainted or evil, and vice versa. This is clear whilst loo queer at both Macbeth and his wife Lady Macbeth, as their appearances and the way the act are deceptive and mostly fatal to the other characters. Macbeths appearance differs from his true self. He portrays himself to be strong and wise, but in spite of appearance he is truly weak. When he first faces the witches predictions, he says Come what come may, time and the hour runs through the roughest day. (Act I, Scene 3) Basically he says that any dangerous fortune that may come to him in the future will come on its own.He wants to appear collected, strong, and noble, but in the end, he completely contradicts his relation by greedily killing men to get what he expects is his for the taking. This shows his extreme weakness and deception of being a strong, noble man as he believes what three weird strangers tell him. Just like her husband, Lady Macbeth paints herself as a very potent woman. In spite of this facade, the murders and guilt beat at her conscience until she too crumbles. She tells her husband to Look like the innocent flower but be the serpent undert (Act 1, Scene 5), in bless to hide their true intentionswhilst meeting King Duncan. Both these characters deceive others and also themselves as their original personalities are destroyed with the ambition to be king, by the purpose of index and by the prophecies of the three witches.In Macbeth, ambition is presented as a dangerous quality. It causes the downfall of both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and triggers a series of deaths in Macbeth. ambition has a series of consequences in the play Macbeth is slain as a tyrant and Lady Macbeth commits suicide. Shakespeare does not give either character the opportunity to know what they have achieved by d eceiving the other characters. This is clearly revealed in Macbeths soliloquy in Act 5, Scene 5, where he states She should have died hereafterThere would have been a time for such(prenominal) a word.To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow,Creeps in this petty pace from day to dayTo the last syllable of recorded time,And all our yesterdays have lighted foolsThe way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candleLifes but a walking shadow, a poor playerThat struts and frets his hour upon the stageAnd then is perceive no more it is a taleTold by an idiot, full of sound and fury,Signifying nothing.Here, Macbeth is summing up his lifes work, concluding that its nothing. Macbeth is saying that we are deceived if we commemorate our lives should have meaning, he feels like this ass his ambition has left him empty. All this strugglethe fake appearance, the murder, the plotting, the self-questioning, the eternal damnationand the world ends up exactly where it began Malcolm will be king, and no one will remember Macbeth except as an evil, blood-thirsty traitor.By understanding the characters motives and personalities an understanding ofthe representation of the human condition is established. It is clear that throughout the play desire and ambition comes before morals and the sense of power allows people to change their views and potentially become somebody their not. Macbeth knows to kill the king is immoral but is easily persuaded into doing so even though he knows it is fraudulent. This allows the understanding that humans are easily persuaded and although they might second-guess their actions, their lust for power and an influence on their decision making is a huge motivation to do wrong.The soliloquy in Act 2, scene 1 proves that Macbeths straits begins to play tricks on him, as the guilt of what he is about to do gets the better of him. Is this a dagger which I see before me, the oversteple toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee. I have thee not, and yet I see thee s till. Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible to feelings as to sight? Or blind thou but a dagger of the mind, a false creation, proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain? I see thee yet, in form as palpable as this which I now draw. Thou marshallst me the way I was going. And such an instrument I was to use. Mine eyes are mode the fools othother senses, or else worth all the rest, I see thee still. And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood, which was no so before. Theres no such thing it is bloody business which informs thus mine eyes.Now oer the on half-world nature seems dead and wicked dreams abuse the curtaind sleep. This soliloquy in Act 2, Scene 1 implies Macbeths uncertainty and second thoughts about killing his king. The daggers appearance is somewhat doubtful it can be read as an omen that Macbeth should proceed, or is it a final warning of his conscience? This further shows how humans will second-guess their actions and generally rely on others to push them over the edge to make their decision.Throughout the play it is clear that appearance versus reality is a main theme in the text. Ambition and search for power allows characters such as Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to seem innocent and loyal but in reality be evil. By evaluating the way the play shows that appearances are deceptive and the consequences of each pretence it is apparent that Shakespeare is conveying the message that all humans must make a decision whether to choose the world of appearance or real world concerns. This suggests that the characters who choose to be authentic will gain rewards and the characterswho are deceptive will suffer the consequences. By understanding the text, it is clear that the appearance of these characters is nothing like the reality, and this became a tragedy to themselves and others.

Management History Module

Exercises 2008 prentice Hall, Inc. every(prenominal) rights reserved. 11 Multiple choice Whereas _____________ is touch on with Whereas the means of getting things done, _____________ is concerned with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals. or a. effectiveness efficiency b. efficiency effectiveness c. effectiveness goal attainment d. goal attainment efficiency issue b 2008 assimilator Hall, Inc. both rights reserved. 12 An organization is ______________. a. the physical location where spate wee b. a collection of individuals working for the collection aforementioned(prenominal) company same c. a deliberate arrangement of people to eliberate accomplish some specific purpose accomplish d. a chemical group of individuals focused on profit group making for their shareholders making Answer c 2008 scholar Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Operatives are defined as employees who Operatives ___________. ___________. a. report to pate executives b. report to middle managers c. supervise others d. have no others reporting to them Answer d 2008 learner Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 True/False query The roles of figurehead, leader, and liaison are The all interpersonal roles. all Managers who are effective at meeting Managers rganizational goals always act efficiently. organizational ascertain who reports to whom is part of the Determining controlling function of management. controlling All organizations develop a structure that All defines and limits the behavior of members of the organization. the v 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. ? ? v 15 Blank filling Katz fix that managers needed four Katz essential general skills ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ). ), Today, the basic management processes are Today, considered to be ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ). ), Mintzberg found that managers perform 10 found different roles, which can be grouped under hree categories ( ), ( ), ( ). 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Short Answer let off what is meant by the term Explain management. Describe the four primary processes of Describe management. management. Summarize the essential roles performed by Summarize managers. managers. Describe the difference between managers and Describe operatives. operatives. 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 History Module THE HISTORICAL ROOTS OF CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. XY ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 19 Adam Smiths Contribution To The Field Of worry Wrote the Wealth of Nations( ) (1776) Advocated the economic advantages that organizations Advocated and society would reap from the division of labor Increased productivity by increasing each workers skill Increased and dexterity. Time saved that is commonly lost in changing tasks. Time The universe of discourse of labor-s aving inventions and machinery. The saving 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 110 The Industrial Revolutions InfluenceOn Management Practices Industrial Revolution Machine power began to substitute for kind-hearted power Machine Lead to mass production of economical goods Lead Improved and less costly transportation systems Improved became available Created larger markets for goods. Created larger organizations developed to serve larger Larger markets Created the need for formalized management practices. Created 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 111 I. untarnished Contributions Classical Approach Classical The term used to describe the hypotheses of the The scientific management theorists and the general dministrative theorists. Scientific management theorists Scientific Fredrick W. Taylor, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, Fredrick and Henry Gantt and General administrative theorists General Henri Fayol and slime Weber 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. Al l rights reserved. 112 Frederick Taylor (1856-1915), 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 113 Scientific Management Frederick W. Taylor The Principles of Scientific Management (1911) The Advocated the use of the scientific method toAdvocated define the one best way for a job to be done Believed that increased efficiency could be achieved Believed by selecting the right people for the job and training them to do it precisely in the one best way. To motivate workers, he favored incentive wage To plans. Separated managerial work from operative work. Separated 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 114 , , 1. 2. 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 115 , , (Time Study) , (Motion Study) , , ?, , , , , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 116 dig Experiment Shovel Pig-iron Experiment High-speed Steel Experiment 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 117 , 22P , 2008 Prentice Ha ll, Inc. All rights reserved. 118 12T, 47. 5T $1. 15, $1. 85 , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 119 26? 80 , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 120 Taylors Four Principles of Management P24 1. Develop a science for each element of an individuals work, which replaces the old rule-of thumb method. 2. Scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the worker. (Previously, workers chose their own work and trained themselves as best they could. 3. Heartily cooperate with the workers so as to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of the science that has been developed. 4. Divide work and right almost equally between management and workers. Management takes over all work for which it is better fitted than the workers. (Previously, almost all the work and the greater part of the business were thrown upon the workers. ) 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 121 P24 1911 , 2008 Pr entice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 122 ?, , 12 20? , ?1 30? , 1921 1 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 123 , , ?, , (? )? 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 124 (2) , , ? , , , , , , . 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 125 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 126 General Administrative Theory General Administrative Theorists General Developed general theories of what managers do Developed and what constitutes good management practice Henri Fayol (France) Henri Fourteen Principles of Management Fundamental Fourteen or universal principles of management practice Ideal bureaucracy Ideal Max Weber (Germany) Max Bureaucracy Ideal example of organization Bureaucracy haracterized by division of labor, a clearly defined hierarchy, detailed rules and regulations, and impersonal relationships 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 127 1860 ? ? , 40 (Henry Fayol, 1841-1925), 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 128 1916 14 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 129 endanger HM2 Fayols Fourteen Principles of Management 1.Division of action 8. Centralization 2. Authority 9. Scalar Chain 3. Discipline 10. Order 4. Unity of Command 11. Equity 5. Unity of Direction 12. Stability of Tenure of Personnel 6. hyponymy of Individual Interests to the General Interest 13. Initiative 14. Esprit de Corps 7. Remuneration 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 130 ? (Max Weber, 1864-1920), 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 131 EXHIBIT HM3 Webers Ideal Bureaucracy 1.Division of Labor 2. Authority Hierarchy 3. Formal Selection 4. Formal Rules and Regulations 5. Impersonality 6. Career Orientation 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 132 ? ? , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 133 II. 1924-1932 (Hawthorne) (George Elton Mayo, 1880-1949), 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 134 Illumination Experiment Incentives Experiment 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1923-1927 927-1929 1929-1932 1929-1932 135 Hawthorne Studies A series of studies done during the 1920s and series 1930s that provided new insights into group norms and behaviors norms Hawthorne effect Hawthorne Social norms or standards of the group are the Social key determinants of individual work behavior. Changed the prevalent view of the time that Changed people were no different than machines. people 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 136 MG2-25 ? , , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 A B ( ) C D E F G H 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 138 MG2-26 ? ? ( ), , ? 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 139 II. Human Relations Movement ground on a belief in the importance of Based employee satisfactiona satisfied worker was employee satisfied believed to be a productive w orker. believed Advocates believed in peoples capabilities and capabilities ere concerned with making management practices more(prenominal) humane. practices Dale Carnegie . Dale Abraham Maslow Abraham Douglas McGregor Douglas 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 140 III. The Quantitative Approach Operations Research (Management Science) Evolved out of the development of mathematical and Evolved statistical solutions to military problems during World struggle II. Involves the use of statistics, optimization models, Involves information models, and computer simulations to improve management decision making for planning and control. 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc.All rights reserved. 141 , , , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 142 Social Events That Shaped Management Approaches Classical Approach The desire for increased efficiency of labor intensive The operations Human Resources Approach The flinch to the overly mechanistic view of The em ployees held by the classicists. The Great Depression( ) The The Quantitative Approaches World War II armament production World 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 143IV. Management Theory Jungle (Harold Koontz) Management In 1961, Harold Koontz concluded that there existed a Management Theory Jungle ( ) The diversity of approaches to the study of The managementfunctions, duodecimal emphasis, management functions, human relations approacheseach offer human each something to management theory, but many are only managerial tools. 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 144 Management Theory Jungle , (Harold Koontz) ? (? ) The Management go School (? The Empirical School The (? ) The Human Behavior School (? ) The Social trunk School (? ) The Decision Theory School (? ) The Mathematical School 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 145 What is the Process Approach? Process Approach Process Planning, leading, and controlling activit ies are Planning, circular and continuous functions of management. , ? ?, , 2008 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 146

Succubus Blues CHAPTER 17

I woke to the sound of Aubrey purring in my ear. Sensing my consciousness, she moved closer and licked the part of my cheek near my earlobe, her byssus gently rubbing against my skin. It tickled. Squirming slightly, I opened my eyes. To my astonishment, light, color, and shapes came through to me albeit in a blurred, distorted manner.I tush see, I muttered to Aubrey, straining to sit up. Immediately, myriad aches and pains screamed alto deposither everywhere my body, making the motion difficult. I lay stretched egress on my couch, an old afghan tossed over me.Of course you spate see, Jeromes cold vocalize in straininged me. Aubrey fled. Though itd serve you remedy if you couldnt. What were you thinking, looking at an angel in full form?I wasnt, I told him, squinting at his dark-clad shape pacing in front of me. Thinking, that was.Obviously.Lay dour, came Carters compendious voice from roughwhere behind me.Straightening up and peering around, I made out his fuzzy form inclination against a wall. Peter, Cody, and Hugh excessively stood nearby in the room. It was a regular, dysfunctional family reunion. I couldnt protagonist just now laugh.And you were in that location, and you were thereCody sat down beside me, his features materializing into sharp focus as he leaned in to study my count closer. Gently, he ran a finger along integrity of my cheekb hotshots, frowning. What happened?I sobered up. Is it that bad?No, he lied. Hugh was worse. The imp made a nondistinct noise crossways the room.I already cut what happened, snapped Jerome. I didnt privation to see the demons face in detail to know he was glaring at me. What I dont understand is why it happened. Did you actually try to come up with the most dangerous situation possible? Hmm, lets see dark bowling alley, no i around That sort of thing?No, I shot concealment. I wasnt thinking of that. I wasnt thinking of anything except cash in ones chipsting home. I related the evenings even ts to the best of my ability, beginning with the footsteps, ending with Carter.When Id stop overed, Hugh sat down in an armchair across from me, pensive. Pauses, huh?What?The way you tell what happened you got hit, pause, because a nonher one, pause, then another one. Right?yea, so? I dont know. Isnt that how fights get to? Punch, draw back, get ready for another? Besides, were talking astir(predicate) breaks of, deal, a second or so. not real breathing time.There was nothing like that for me. I had slashing too. It was an onslaught. A stream of blows, continuously. It defied thought or ability. Definitely supernatural.Well, so was this, I countered. Believe me, I couldnt fight against it. It wasnt some mortal mugging, if thats what youre suggesting. Hugh just shrugged.Silence fell, and I gave the imp a sidelong glance to the best of my limited visions ability. Theyre looking meaningfully at distributively other, argonnt they?Who?Carter and Jerome. I brush off feel it. I o ff to Carter, suddenly wondering if my hinge on last shadow had been for naught. I dont suppose you salvaged the shopping bag I had on me?Walking over to my kitchen counter, the angel produced a bag and tossed it to me. My depth perception still off, I missed, and the bag bounced off the couch onto the floor. The book slipped out. Jerome snatched it up in an instant and read the title.Fuck me, Georgie. Is this why you were out skulking in dark corners? This is what you nearly got killed for? I told you to lay off the vampire hunter investigating Oh come on, cried Cody, jumping up in my defense. no(prenominal) of us count that any more than. We know theres an angel doing this An angel? I hear heavy amusement and even a scoff in the demons words.No mortal did that to me, I agree hotly. Or to Hugh. Or to Lucinda. Or to Duane. It was a nephilim.A nephi -what? asked Hugh, startled.Isnt that a character on Sesame channel? Peter spoke up for the first time.Jerome stared silently at me for a moment, then finally demanded, Who told you about that? Not waiting for an answer, he turned toward the angel. You know youre not supposed to It wasnt me, retorted Carter mildly. Im guessing she figured it out on her own. You dont put enough faith in your own people.I did find out on my own, though I had help.I briefly detailed my string of leads, how one had led to another, from Erik to the book at Krystal Starz.Shit, muttered Jerome, after listening to my spiel. Fucking Nancy Drew.Okay, said Peter, compelling chase or no, you still puddlent told us what a nephilopogus is. Nephilim, I corrected. Hesitantly, I looked at Jerome. Can I?Youre asking me for permission? How quaint.Taking that as acquiescence, I began uncertain(p)ly, Nephilimare the offspring of angels and humans. Like in that passage in Genesis. Where the angels fell and took human wives? Nephilim are the result. They baffle certain abilities I dont know all of them strength and precedent like Greek heroes Or like study nuisances, added Jerome bitterly. Dont forget that.How so? Hugh asked.I continued when Jerome didnt. Well what I read said they used to vitrine strife and slaughter among humans.Yeah, but this ones not going after humans, pointed out Peter.Carter shrugged. Theyre unpredictable. They dont play by anyones rules, and honestly, were not really sure what this ones intentions are. Its playing a game, thats for sure, what with its attacks on random immortals and that note it sent Georgina.Two notes, I corrected. I got another one just before Lucinda died, but I was with Seth all night and didnt read it until the next day.Hugh and the vampires turned to stare at me.You were with Seth all night? asked Cody, astonished.Which ones he again? Hugh asked.The writer, provided Peter.The imp regarded me with new inte sopor. Whatd you do all night then?Can we not discuss Georginas love vivification right now, fascinating though it may be? Jerome gave me a speculative look. Unless, o f course, this Seth person is psyche of strong moral character and principle whose life energy you plan on stealing currently in support of the greater cause of evil and its goals.Right on the first, not on the rest. fiendish it. I need a drink.Help yourself.Jerome wandered over to my liquor cabinet and sifted through its contents.So how can we spot this nephilim ? asked Cody, getting us back on track.I glanced uncertainly at Carter and Jerome. I didnt know any of the technicalities.You cant, the angel announced cheerfully.They can hide their signature too, then. Like higher immortals. He nodded back at me. Yes, they hold up the worst characteristics of both their parents. Ample power and pseudo-angelic abilities, mixed with rebelliousness, a love of the corporeal world, and poor impulse control.How much power? I valued to know. Theyre half-human, right? So half the power?Thats the clincher. Jerome looked much more cheerful with a glass of gin in hand. It varies wildly, just as each angel has a different level of power. One thing is clear Nephilim inherit a dance orchestra more than half their parents power, though they can never exceed it. Its still plenty which is why Ive been arduous to knock sense into all of you to stay clear. A nephilim could easily blow one of you out of the water. save not one of you. Peter spoke the words more as a statement than a question, despite the uncertain note lacing his voice.Neither angel nor demon responded, and another piece clicked into speckle for me.Thats why you guys are going around with your signatures masked. Youre hiding from it too.Were merely taking appropriate precautions, Jerome protested.It ran from you, I reminded Carter. You must down been stronger than it.Probably, he agreed. I was more concerned with you, so I didnt get a hot sense. An angel in full form will freak most macrocosms out itll kill a mortal so I could have been stronger than it or not. Hard to say.I didnt like that answer, not a t all. What were you doing there anyway?The angels trademark sarcastic smile appeared. What do you think? I was following you around.I started. What? Then I was right that day at EriksAfraid so. My God, said Peter, amazed. You really were on to something, Georgina. At least about him stalking you.I felt semivindicated, even if Carter obviously didnt seem to be the culprit anymore. Hugh had been right in accusing me of bias. I had really penuryed Carter to be the responsible company for all these attacks, as a sort of payback for all the times hed mocked me. His timely intervention in the alley only muddled my opinion of him now.Carter explained, After realizing that first note was probably from this nephilim, I thought itd be prudent to pop in once in a while since our friend here seems to have an especial interest in you. My intention was to catch him or her off-guard, not to help you, though Im content to have been able to. Plus, that day at EriksHe looked over at Jerome. The d emon threw his arms in the air. Sure? why not? Tell them. Tell them everything. They already know too much.Erik? I prompted.This thing, this nephilim Carter paused thoughtfully. This being knows a surprising amount about us and about the immortal community.Well its like you said, right? asked Peter. This nephilim would find one of us and follow him or her around.No. I mean, yes, thats possible, but evidence indicates this one knows much more than simple surveillance might give itFor Chrissake, Jerome snapped, if youre going to tell them, tell them. can speaking in riddles. The demon turned to us. Hes saying this nephilim is working with a leak. Someones feeding it information about the immortal community here.Cody caught the insinuation just as I did. You think Eriks doing it.Hes the strongest suspect, admitted Carter apologetically. Hes been here for decades, and he has the natural endowment to sense immortals.And to think, he spoke so well of you, I murmured, feeling aghast. Wel l, youre wrong. Its not him. Not Erik.Dont get huffy about it now, Georgie. Hes not our only lead, just the most likely.And I dont like it any more than you, the angel added. But we cant dismiss any possibilities. We need to neutralize this nephilim threat soon. Its out of hand well get outside involvement before long, and thats always a pain.Then why arent you letting us help you? I cried. Why all the secrecy?Are you deaf? Its for your own protection. This thing could blast you to Armageddon Jerome downed the rest of his gin in a flurry.I didnt buy it. There was more than just our safety at stake here. Jerome still hadnt come clean. Yes, but The committee meeting is over, he interrupted me icily. Would the rest of you justify Georgina and me?Oh shit. I looked desperately at my friends, hoping they might stay and defend me, but they all scurried out. Cowards, I thought. None of them would cross Jerome when he spoke like that. Okay, I wouldnt have either in their shoes.Carter, I no ticed, did not leave. The directive apparently did not apply to him.Georgie, began Jerome carefully, once the others were gone, you and I seem to be facing off more often than not lately. I dont like it.Its not exactly facing off, I noted, squirming uneasily, recalling his march of power at the hospital and threat to stash me somewhere. Were just having differences of opinion lately.Differences that can get you killed.Jerome, this cant possibly just be about No more.A wall of power slammed into me, throwing me back against the couch. It was like one of those carnival rides where people stand along the sides of a round room that spins faster and faster until inactivity pins everyones limbs to the walls. Moving became agony. Even breathing was a struggle. I felt like Atlas, bearing the brunt of the worlds weight.Jeromes voice boomed inside(a) my head, and some brave part of me cursed his parlor tricks, even as the rest of me recoiled.I need you to listen to me for once without con stantly interrupting. You cannot keep poking around here. Doing so calls attention to yourself, and you already have a lot more of it on you from this nephilim than I would like. I neither need nor want a new succubus. Ive grown accustomed to you, Georgina. I do not want to lose you. I am more lenient with you than I should be, however. You get away with things no other archdemon would allow. I havent minded indulging you thus far, but things can change especially if you continue to be insubordinate. I can have you transferred somewhere else, away from this cozy delusion of a human life youve established. Or I can call Lilithin and report your behavior to her directly. Im sure shed he happy to do a little develop with you.My heart stopped at the mention of the Succubus Queen. I had met her only once, when I first conjugated the ranks. That encounter, rather like seeing Carter in all his angelic glory, was not an experience I wanted to repeat anytime soon.Do you understand?Y-yes .Are you sure?The pressure increased, and it was all I could do to contend a weak nod. The psychic cage abruptly dropped, and I slumped forward, taking in deep breaths. I could still feel where his power had touched me, rather like a tactile version of the afterimage one sees with a camera flash.Im glad you understand, and Im sure youll also understand if I dont entirely believe you. Its part of the nature of our side.Is this is this the part where you stash me somewhere?He chuckled softly. Menacingly. No. Not yet at least. Frankly, I think you just need a little supervision to stay out of trouble. Im also not entirely convinced you and the nephilim merely have a passing relationship.A retort was on my lips, but I bit it off, my skin still burning.Id have one of your friends do it, but I dont doubt you could wrap any of them around your smallest finger. No, you need babysitting by someone who wont bend, who wont fall for your tricks.Tricks? Who then? For a minute, I half thought he referred to himself until I noticed Carters smug smile. Oh man. You cant be serious.Itll go steady you toe the line, Georgie. Whats more, it will keep you alive.Youre practically our best lead at the moment, Carter explained. This nephilim has some interest in you, even though that interest seems to have shifted a bit from note-passing to assault.Carter will be ready if it tries to finish what he interrupted. He can also shield your apartment from prying eyes.But itll sense him when we go out I tried weakly.No more than you can now, Carter reminded me. And Ill be invisible. A ghost at your side. An angel on your shoulder, if you will. You wont even know Im around.Jerome, please, you cant do this I can, and I will. Unless, like I said, you want me to have a chat with Lilith ?Damn him. The threat of Lilith was stronger than any potential stashing, and he knew it.Good. If theres no get along discussion then, Ill take my leave and let you two get situated. Jerome glanced between u s, dark eyes resting on me a moment. Oh, by the way. Do check yourself out in a mirror at some point.I scowled, thinking of Codys scrutiny of my injuries. Thanks for reminding me.What Im reminding you of is that youre a succubus. Those bruises are a manifestation of believing youre human. You are not. You have to feel them, but you dont have to wear them.With that, the demon vanished in an eye blink, leaving a faint smell of brimstone in his wake that I suspected was pure showmanship.So, do I get the couch? Carter asked me cheerfully.Go to hell. I left the room to go check out my reflection. simply a nice way to treat your new roommate.I didnt ask for your I stopped center(a) down the hallway. Id spent the last couple of weeks suspecting Carter of murder and other terrible things Id spent the last half-century hating him as a person. Yet hed just saved my life, and I hadnt uttered one word of thanks.I turned toward him, dreading what I now had to say.Im sorry.He wore a look simila r to the one Jerome had had when I asked his permission earlier. unfeignedly? For just now?For not thanking you earlier. For saving me out there. I mean, Im not happy about you shacking up here, but I am grateful for what you did then. And Im sorry, too, if I havent exactly been nice to you.The angels expression was unreadable. Glad to have helped.Not knowing what else to say, I turned and kept walking.What are you going to do now? he asked.I paused again. Look at the damage and then go to bed. Im tired. And I hurt.Aw, no slumber party games or popcorn? No makeovers?Dont take this personally, but you could use a makeover. You look like a refugee. Why I swallowed and rephrased my words as I studied him. When I saw you out there, on the street, you were you were so beautiful. The most beautiful thing Ive ever seen. My voice came out as a whisper.Carters face turned grave. Jeromes the same way, you know. In his true form. Just as beautiful. Angels and demons come from the same stock. He look ats that washbasin Cusack wannabe shape by choice.Why? Why does he do that? And why do you choose to look like a junkie or a bum?The edges of the angels lips turned slightly upward. Why does a woman who claims she wants to avoid the attention of nice men choose a form that makes everyone around her do a double take and stare?I swallowed again, lost in the far reaches of his eyes, but not in the same way I had been lost in Romans or Seths eyes. It was more like the angel could see all the way through me, through all of my facades, down to my soul or what remained of it.With great effort, I broke that scrutiny, turning back toward my bedroom.No one is punished forever, he told me gently.Yeah? Thats not what I hear. Good night.I went into my bedroom, closing my door behind me. Just before it clicked, I heard Carter call, So, whos making breakfast?

Classification of Computer Users

Steven Cespedes Egan College Writing January 9th, 2012 assortment of Computer Users The sound of the keyboard typing forward and the clicking of the mo character through with(predicate)out the wickedness has become a design occurrence ineveryAmerican household. Staying up until two or three in the good morning browsing the web has become a characteristic of many figurer users to daylight. Since the personal computer has been invented life, piss, and pas clipping have changed drastically. With the creation of the internet, the possibilities with computers ar all but endless.People now have the ability to express with others from all oer the world. With both of these technologiesworking together, computers have become a necessity for homes and businesses everywhere. Although the majority of computers atomic number 18 confusable in concept, different heap use them in different ways. Some use their computers for work and others as a source of entertainment. As long as the w orld exists, there will be several different types of computer users. The hacker is 1 type of computer user, they knock off closely oftheirtime electronically breaking into other computers.The word hacker is synonymous with internet crimes, however hackers argon highly intelligent individuals with a vast knowledge of computers. They spend their time trying to break through security systems of motley networks connected to the internet. Hackers atomic number 18 infamous for infiltrating CIA databases, credit card companies, or more recently the PlayStation Network and wreaking havoc. These people stay up for hours facial expression for codes and passwords for various systems on the internet in the hopes of obtaining whatsoever sort of valuable information.There argon many websites and forums dedicated to this past time which educates the general human beings as well as new hackers to their game. They know how the computers operate and argon usually very acquainted(predicate) with programming languages, so they can create their own programs to break passwords. Half of the time hackers are non hurting anybody by the activities they perform, they unspoilt do it for the experience and for bragging rights within the hacker community. pic The gamers are the people who spend their time acting games online. These are the people who stay up to till dawn raiding, shooting, and hotfoot with other people on the internet.There are many games which incorporate the online play such as World of Warcraft and Call of Duty to name a couple. However there are many other games such as The Elder Scrolls V Skyrim and Half Life 2 that offer offline play that is just as popular. The first thing that gamers do when they get on the computer is to check if their friends are playing online. Most of these gamers even add special accessories to enhance their online gaming experience such as a microphone to talk to other players or a joystick that can be used kinda of a keyboard. These types of computer users are easily identified, as they often wear licensed game t-shirts close to town. The main purpose of the computer for a gamer is to play various games and learn everything they can to the highest degree to each one game. These individuals are addicted to playing games online, and can be found staring at their computer class until the sun comes up. The shoppers are the people who are constantly surfing the internet searching for the newest clothes or gadgets. These are the people who watch Ebay auctions for days, waiting until the last second to outbid everyone else.They will browse hundreds of websites looking for the best bargain. Instead of going to the malls and doing their shopping, they will sit in their chair for hours on end, visiting various websites on the internet. They use the internet to research the newest fashion rather than spending that time to work or study. Internet shoppers are addicted to purchasing goods online because of the eas e of having it shipped straight to their door. This use of the computer usually serves to be the most expensive because of all of the money involved in purchases.Downloaders are the people who use the computer mainly for the purpose of downloading anything that is free. These are the people who leave their computers on all day and throughout the night downloading music, movies, and anything else that is available. Torrents are very popular due(p) to the ease of access to the mass amounts of data made get-at-able to anyone with internet access. The legality of these acts is questionable, but torrent sites somehow manage to get around copyright infringements.Downloaders are constantly working under the radar to get their hands on the newest software for no charge. Downloaders are usually interested in computers with lots of hard drive space to store their data on. pic The workers are the people who use their computer for no other purpose than making money. These are the people who a re constantly checking if a client has emailed them back, or making corrections to tomorrows sales report. Workers usually prefer to use laptop computers for the ease of transporting their data from home to work.Many workers may actually own two computers, one for business and one for pleasure. They usually have the newest and fastest computers, since they can afford them. These people have no problem sitting in a chair typing for eight hours a day if they are paid well to do so. Workers may be the most proficient with a computer due to the fact that they are professionals. pic The Social Networkers are the people who spend most of their time socializing over the internet. These are the people who spend may spend more time on Facebook and Twitter than they do talking to real people.They are constantly updating their status and sharing links on their friends walls. They spend hours typing away, meeting new people, and making new friends in this online community. Social Networkers enj oy posting about their everyday life, letting every one of their friends (or followers) know exactly what theyre doing around the clock. They will like pages to announce others of their interests, and seek others with similar interests. Social Networks have turned into a competition of who can get the most friends or followers, which draws attention whores by the dozen.These are the people who you can see online Facebook chat half of the day even when they are at work or in school. Each type of user is similar in the way that they spend many hours in front of their computer screen typing away the day and into the night. Computers have made life much easier for some people and have opened legion(predicate) doors to many others. The computer has had a major impact on life as we know it, creating jobs everywhere, free us entertainment when we are bored, and connecting everyone no matter their location in the world. No matter what life-style you live, the computer can cater to each one.

Kite Runner Friendship Analysis Essay

In Khaled Hosseinis surmount-selling novel The Kite offset printing, two boys, Hassan and emir, have a association that is not as typical as most childrens. Although they do carve into a tree that they are the sultans of Kabul, their acquaintance is weak and superstar sided. These boys grew up in Kabul, and although their childhood friendship may have seemed like something pop of a book, complete with pomegranate trees and story telling, it was dark and emotionally wearing. A main reason for this was because of the one subtle difference between these boys, omitting the differences in character.Hassan is a Hazara and emir is a Pashtun. For this reason the Afghan parliamentary law has classified Hassan as a lower human being and he, along with his father, is in servitude towards emir and his family. amirs lack of self-confidence throughout the novel hinders his ability to have a true friendship with Hassan. Eventually emir tries to break away from the power of the green-ey ed monster and guilt that Hassan has brought into his life. An underlying cause of the problems amir has with his friendship pertaining to Hassan is that he is jealous of Hassan.This jealousy causes him to test Hassan, and to take advantage of Hassans unwavering loyalty. This is erect to prove that Hassan is lower than he is. emeer confirms this by humiliating Hassan to himself, by taking advantage of Hassans illiteracy to amuse himself, such as when he convinces Hassan that imbecile meant smart and intelligent. Amir is not accomplishing anything by teasing Hassan except that he is establishing that he is smarter. Amir feels that he has to prove himself because he lacks acceptance from his father, so he teases Hassan in order to become acceptable to his father.Amir once a run into has to prove to himself that he has the ultimate superiority by testing Hassan when he tells him to eat dirt. Hassan says that he would, which is all Amir ineluctably to expand his ego and confirm that he is still above Hassan. Furthermore, Amir is also jealous because his father, whom he longs for his approval, seems to favor Hassan. Hassan is athletic and Baba,Amirs father, has said that he associates himself with Hassan over Amir. Amirs jealousy arose from his esurient pursuit and evident failure to achieve his fathers illusive approval.Because of the lack of approval from his father, Amir finds it necessary to tear down Hassan in order to build himself up. The friendship exemplified in The Kite Runner is very weak because Amir thinks of Hassan as his servant, which explains why he is constantly testing him and does not wear up for him as a true friend would do. Hazaras are not accepted in the Afghan society that Hassan and Amir grew up in, but Amir does not refute the biased and racist socialization set out in front of him. Instead, he embraces it.Even at the susceptible age of twelve, Amir is well aware of the principles of right and wrong and he chooses to do wrong. He c hooses to do wrong because he feels he will escape from the struggles Hassan has brought upon him. Hassan depresss harassed by his peers, an example of this is when Assef, the local bully, bullies him by saying, Afghanistan is the land of the Pashtuns. It everlastingly has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here. His people pollute our homeland, our watan.They dirty our affinity.. How can you talk to him, play with him, let him touch you? . When Hassan is harassed, Amir does zero point. Instead, he almost blurts out that Hassan is nothing but a servant when in fact he spends all of his free time compete like true friends play. Amir wants to be accepted by his peers, peers such as Assef, Wali, and Kamal. He wants to be accepted with such a passion that he chooses to disregard his friend in order to gain approval from these boys. Amir ends up sacrificing his morals for popularity.Another example of how Amir is a coward and only wan ts to be accepted by his peers and his father is when he turns his back on Hassan when Hassan is raped. Hassan gets raped by Assef while assay to complete the task of kite running for Amir. Amir witnesses this horrible act and does nothing to stop it. He does not step in to help his friend because he believes that Hassan is sacrificing himself for him. This is a completely selfish sentiment on Amirs part because no one should have to bear another persons burden, til now if one person is another persons servant.The choice made by Amir to give up his morals and rationalize his decisions forever haunts him and makes it harder to escape the power of his own guilt. Amir is clearly an emotionally wonky person, but his resentment towards Hassan is deepened because of his own guilt. Amir feels extreme guilt after he watches his friend get raped in an alley. After witnessing this he feels that he can no longer be in the same room as Hassan. Id run across Hassan shuffling around the kit chen in the morning, hear the clinking of silverware, the whistle of the teapot.Id wait to hear the door shut and only and and so I would walk down to eat is an example of how he tries to avoid him. This shows that Amir cannot face his guilt. he knows that he has make something wrong but refuses to confront it and redeem himself and his friendship with Hassan. Amir realizes that he has done a grave dishonor to Hassan. He believed that he was a monster that caused Hassan so much trouble. Amir comes to terms with the fact that he is a selfish, immature person, yet instead of accepting that fact and arduous to get Hassans forgiveness, he once again betrays his friendship.Because Hassan is a reflection of Amirs guilt, Amir believes in an elementary manner that if he rids himself of what to him is the symbol of his guilt, he will also be freed of the guilt. This is why he frames Hassan of thievery. This plan to accuse Hassan of thievery ultimately backfires and causes Amir even up m ore personal anguish. Hassan then left and even though Amir felt his absence would free him from the guilt and jealousy, he ends up even more full of guilt.Amir thinks of Hassan as less worthy human being even though he is jealous of him, this mix of jealousy and resentment leads to a guilt that Amir handles unethically. Amir treats Hassan much like a dog. He believes that he can treat him as roughly as possible, but the animal will be forever loyal. Amir does not believe that he needs to defend Hassan, since Hassan is ultimately there to sacrifice himself for Amir. Amir is jealous of Hassan because of Hassans approval earned by Baba, and this causes Amir to search for other ways to expand his ego.Amir resents Hassan because of the guilt that Amir has caused himself. The choices made by Amir and Hassan defined who they were and who they would become. Amir allows his original thoughts about Hassan, thoughts of loyalty and true friendship, to be tainted because he is weak. Although Am ir and Hassan carved their names into a tree, Amirs character hinders their ability to be best friends and their bond is a far cry from even an equal friendship. While trying to escape the grasps of jealousy and guilt, Amir ultimately falls deeper in the hole he dug himself.