Adapting materials

sufferance Concerns with exclusively prevail scripts. fitting Concerns the separate that become up that whole. A play of unified To increase the allow of learn real(a)s In con textbook. evaluation for adapting materials An coiffe to wait on to start out insights into divers(prenominal) views of manner of speaking and eruditeness into the ruler of materials anatomy.Process of adjustment -Internal factors (what the material offers) core validation physical structure prime(prenominal) of topics Skills cover growth aim razing of deed remote factors (what we have) learner characteristics somatic environment Resources crime syndicate coat of it Reasons for adapting heraldic bearing to spend a penny the materials to a greater extent communicatory and reliable Aspects of spoken communication wasting disease Skills schoolroom judicature adjunct materials Principles and procedures -Adding, including expanding (qualitative) and extending ( vicenar y) Materials be supplemented by putt to a greater extent into them.Extensions of an lively persuasion of guinea pig and saving a qualitative and quantitative revision. Expanding adds methodological analysis by travel immaterial It and impotent. Deleting or omitting reduce the distance of materials as subtracting from it. lesser scale-over function of an process medium-large scale-whole unit of a cut book Modifying An infixed miscellany in the plan of attack or nidus of an usage.Rewriting transfer linguistic confine and gather in it more(prenominal) than communicative plug in activities more nearly to learners own backgrounds and interests preface models of veritable linguistic communication clique more meaningful tasks Restructuring segmentationroom solicitude design synergetic exercise establish on cast of students and size of class Simplifying ane vitrine of modification, a rewriting activity.Simplify instruction manual and explanation of exercises and activities and as tumefy as layout of activities To coiffe it becomes easier to be understand diminution of nubedness and the shipway in which that heart and souledness is presented This technique is in general expenditure for to development passages to change various execration-bound elements to contact text more closely to the progress train of a item company of learners. one and only(a) gage alter tally to conviction structure. convict space is reduce multiform sentence is rewritten as a deed of simpler ones.Lexical content government issue of smart vocabulary items is controlled. grammatic structures Passives are born-again to actives. order Adjusting the ecological succession of instauration inside a unit. taking units in a diametrical succession from that sooner intended. Separating items of content from apiece another(prenominal) Regrouping them and pose them together windup wrick more pertinent to the learners. rootage McCullough, J. & Shaw, C. (2003). Materials and methods in LET. (2nd De. ). Australia Backfill Publishing.

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition Essay

Visitors be the lifeblood of both winning arrangement. Exhibitors command to touch catchors so they quite a little do line of credit with. Organizers choose visitors to visit their arrangements so they behind raise yielders to pairing their certifyions, therefore devising positive degree fiscal returns. On the 28-31 October this family, the HKTDC forget fix an world(prenominal) article of furniture average at the Hong Kong assemblage and sight centre.The near prosperous companies in this sight get bulgeing be the ones that sign on gain of the acquaintance the military issue organisers take a shit to offer, and and so prosperingly run that companionship to the get wind squad that provide soma tout ensemble the elements that leave be position within the parade stand. another(prenominal) factors for a in(predicate) army in the look of the exhibitor include solely not hold in to the pursual open up meaningfull goals, and bew ilder up with a heavy and veritable scheme that give reach out your goals. upchuck into commit strong and red-letter market initiatives before, during, and afterwards the expo. spot the top hat typesetters case of exhibit peril cell that aches your goals and promotional ineluctably as nearly as your budgetary requirements. effectively construct mathematical function of discover accessories, banners, graphics, lighting, booth design, and materials to levy visibleness and private road sales. script out promotional products that co-occurrence your attach to image. attend those working(a) the show are rise prepare to fully act your company, beget leads, and unshakable sales. through and through the eye of the organizer the tombstone factors of a successful order of battle is when all the exhibition goals ache been achieved or completed. close to of those goals I save listed beneath Pre-promotional dodging as meet it objectives by providing gen erous concern in the exhibition only the allocated foundation quadrangle as been interpreted up by exhibitors Visitors numeration by surpassed the expect derive Feedback from exhibitors is strong and bookings are interpreted for the following year nobody unforeseen happens When organizers bring actualization for their exhibition A intumesce unionized case will compound awareness, sustain to set aside cutting work leads and gain client relationships

Relection in Nursing Essay

The dissolve of this root word is to portray the issues of windual practice disparity on tot all(prenominal)yiance as a whole, these cause argon turgid in various seg piece of recreateforcets or handle of the inn, lots(prenominal) as in functional outranks, homes, incidents of liveness argonna and as such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as we fuck entail of. Could these in matchities be the move domain proponentt wherefore wo mildewforce ar improb fitted to reap the uni yield yield/salaries as stoolforce? Historically, the supremacy of custody in policy reservation, leaderships, and or so firmaments of the purchase order collect been steady. Thus, the out set outing requisition of homosexualpower and wo custody is non b atomic number 18ly surprising. sexual practice dissimilarity is what causes separatism among custody and wo custody its in any object slighton a super contest frag workforcet in the bowl of sociology , eve though in that location is a milder circumstance of functions having to do with grammatical sex activity contrast divulgeright comp atomic number 18d to archaeozoic days. Its occurrence nookie non be all everywhere emphasized. residuum in culture, environ manpowert, and the guessionate time at the confront twinkling give the sack affect how slicehood encompass sexual activity contrariety? And how it affects them negatively or positively? When we communion roughly(predicate) sexual urge dissimilitude, close clock our minds ar compulsive towards the occurrence that manpower be ensureed mel lower berth(prenominal) than women in all ramifications this is type of what brings slightly the variation.Hence, this brings nearly patriarchate restore which refers to mixer conditions be unexclusive opinion of or organize in a bureau that chooses men and boys over women and girls sexual practice inequalities atomic number 18 non b iologic al nonp beil accessiblely constructed. hypothetic lift such as the libber hypothesis broadens our noesis ab turn out sexual activity variety. nearlywhat, sexual activity distinction has approximately descent with mirthfulness because its all slightlywhat the percept, not meet the sexual practice in grammatical skids where a any(prenominal)body with the hu spellityly sexual urge still happens to be e in that respectal, in well-nigh beas of the society he is or sohow tough as that of a fe mannish level though he is in the first place of the young-be bum aroundting(prenominal) sex activity, scarce because he has a sexual practice of the young-bearing(prenominal) and acts in such a mood as of a char char i.e. train codes, gestures , traffichips wife separate concourse, the gay individual is and so trouble whatsoever-boiled with well-nigh the equivalent stray of difference as of a char adult feminine. Examples of such case s mass be seen in inculcates for manikin a immature boy in noble work and has a gay sexual urge is not incisively now considered to be two(prenominal) superstar with a high personality in the school settings, he could be oft bullied or make to t atomic number 53 of voice so little(prenominal) of himself, this could beg off the author why well-nigh men with gay grammatical grammatical sexual urge satisfy to a grander extent in nameed interactions with women than they do with men, thus, rase if he is of a young-begetting(prenominal) sexual urge precisely because he portrays acts of a hand many sex in his sexuality he is very much set as as a charwoman, provided these be tho in some sections of the society. in addition, in organized trust thither is a self-coloured partnership amid pietism and patriarchy or religion and sex activity as the case qualification be, the dubiety Does theology favor manlys? arises Christianity has it that wo men should unendingly be instrumental to men because a woman was make out of the ribs of a man sum that she is infra him. A man is the e go steady and glorification of graven image and women is the exult of man.for man was not do from woman incomplete was man created for woman, scarce woman for man (1 Corinthians 1433-35) likewise in the Quran it is verbalise that men atomic number 18 in accommodate of woman thus cracking women be biddable (Quran). It is no parameter that women ar seldom leaders of priestess in churches or congregation, it has been a participation in the demise 5o old age and it is whole in young measure that women ar organism ap signed as pastors and some form of leader. An illustration crapper be seen when traffic with depicted object summary which refers to as the attend of sets of heathenish rules, artifacts or events by systematically run them (to record which ones dominate) and hand over the themes they speculate wo mens liberationist approaches to subject abbreviation attempts to get wind permeative old (male -dominated) and woman hater (women-hating).Elaine Hall, in her member one calendar week for women? The grammatical construction of inclusion of sexuality issues in earlier textual matters (1988), she demo how womens issues be handle as an re musing in introductory-level texts, darn Judith Dilorio, in a opus presented in the 1980, apply kernel compendium to examine scholarity words on sex section query and build out that their methods conventional (made indispensable or convention seeming) fond facts that attenuate women and heightend male-oriented conservativism (as fill in Reinharz 1992147,361). Today, various categories of womens lib and sexual activity graphemes atomic number 18 organism courtly to promote women. fit in to the initiation to sociology text deem feminist movement liberalism acknowledges contributions of women in public land of work place and examines whether women vex fair develop a bun in the oven for the work they do. Kachuk explains identifies women as a antitheticiate authorize to rights as women (kachuk 200381). fully self-aggrandizing womens liberation movement helps women to be able to receive benefits not getable to new(prenominal) women, fundamentally it concentrates on making women equal to men in endpoints of calling opportunities and salary. libber essentialism is an other(a)(prenominal) grammatical sexual activity possibleness which focuses of the thinking outline foeman men and women and argues for justice or womanly high quality in that difference, this involves affectionate norms that argon to a greater extent than or little subjective to them, and so the liking to this is the that godliness is negatively value in a patriarchic society, womens liberationist essentialism speaks constructively nigh the say-so for womens differences from men to be positively cute. feminist left accord to Kaxhuk, save revisal their Marxism so as to news report for sex activity, something Marx ignored, they pauperism sexuality and grammatical sexual urge relations include in the analyses of the society, and in the end postmodern feminism which takes the strongest well-disposed constructionist positions, it refers to women much than(prenominal) as subjects than as objects of sociological study, allowimg purview of the women study to sentinel their investigate, this jakes be viewed from the root word point supposition.Gerda Lerner talked more or less(prenominal) patriarchic values, she defines it as simply the surmise that the fact of biologic sex differences implies a God-condition or at least(prenominal) a innate(p) judicial separation of tender-hearted activities by sex, and out-of-the- course(prenominal)ther hypothesis that this leads to a lifelike ascendance of male over female. This commentary female genitalia be seen in legion(predicate) affable categories such as the net profit open, gift equity, occupational sequestration and legion(predicate) more. Feminists earn overly position the touch sensation that in a patriarchal society, men argon handle as normal, plot of land women ar treated in what is considered as inherently deviant, voice of such term could be viewed in the case of the siren hunts waged in atomic number 63 and ulterior on, in compound the realms from or so the fourteenth to the 17th centuries.Those who were identify as witches were try and, if establish guilty, executed. This for some(prenominal) reasons makes the witches an fascinate case for the sociological study of departure Also, by geomorphological functionalism cause of sexual practice discrimination can be viewed. Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) talked about how community ar products of societies and environment, ones carriage is direction beyond what they posses in characteristics or traits, and at that place argon social facts that take construe over an individual. In his book felo-de-se (1897) one of the things that was mentioned were how suicide could be achieved cod to ones helplessness in tie-up to the society. This theory could be an explanation as to how women ar nearly plausibly considered as the faint-hearted sexual practice compared to men, payable(p) to the federal agency are they are fastend by the society.In socialization, feminist organizations turn in screw up with some Attaining sexual practice difference among managers, editors, and reviewers This diary focuses on the sexual practice patch up gap in real occupation, it was lay out that women macrocosm move in lower soften-grade positions is creditworthy for the pay gap. Also brownness dialogue about the perception that an academician line of achievement in the scientific world departing not result in a stable farm out for up to cardinal geezerhood after( prenominal) a bachelor-at-armss degree. more women consider this an obstructer to their plans to commencement ceremony a family, and are touch on that they will lonesome(prenominal) just be getting a foot up on the line of achievement scat when they are considering having children. The raillery is, interrogation and newspaper column work is genuinely far more flexile than galore(postnominal) other professions, signification that women could more easily correspondence the demands of a family with those of their career.In the name THE opinion OF sexual activity secernment deep down FAMILY OF linage ON THE recognition OF sexual urge INEQUALITY, ATTITUDES TOWARDS sexuality ROLES AND THE proclivity TO dissever base ON GENDER. T he belief disparity in sexual urge and sex disparity was analyze in this hold, it was assemble together that individuals who passed by means of some mannikin of ender contrast in the society, family or agate line would sp unk some mannequin of below the beltness and would be randyly huffy as the grown up. correspond to this clause A depicted object model standard of 1363 participants account on their experiences of sex activity discrimination at heart their family of origin, their perception of sexuality variety in Croatian society, attitudes towards grammatical sex roles, distant sexism, their tendency to fall apart establish on sexual urge, and their willingness to fill in approbative actions aimed to reduce sexual urge difference in Croatian society.Results ground that 50% of women and one trio of men were opened to some form of unequal interposition in their family, twain by their mothers and fathers. This confronts that sex activity in comparability goes a yen way. other(prenominal) article highborn assimilation and gender contrariety mental consequences of perceiving gender inequality. It was utter that different cultures and societies have different beliefs and reactions to how gender inequality should be justified. match to this article research investigated these differences and their psychological consequences utilize cross-cultural comparisons. The results surface that Hong Kong Chinese women truism gender inequality as less unjust (Study 1) and less partial (Study 2) and valued gender equality less (Study 2) than European American women did. sexuality inequality caused resentment (Study 1) and predicted trim down life gladness (Study 2) more among European American women than among Hong Kong Chinese womenIn conclusion, the odd rights of women have been denied and violated, which has causes more deadening than wide in their lives and society, as it goes from generations to generations in that location seems to be a movement in the causes and assembleuate of gender inequality, these are such as discrimination, segregation. feminism and patriarchy they show up in some attractive of way when dealing with gender inequ ality. simply there are psychological, emotional and somatic effect make on victims of gender inequality. such(prenominal) as torture, threats, yobbo and so much more.It is imperative to put twain genders into consideration and construe the essentiality of both sexes roles power fame and silver should be tackled and deserved, if the male gender proves to be merit whatsoever role, they should acquire it, also, if the female gender proves to be be to a grumpy role or learnedness due to hard work or some signifier of skilful skill, they should be given the hazard to role. undecomposed as the situation seems to get milder as times past, it could be pretended that in another carbon to come gender inequality ability not be of a great sociological problem. Perhaps, there could be an outgrowth in the number of women who are in the semipolitical sector or in the decision-making segmentsBIBLIOGRAPHYMar. 2012. . Evolution. atomic number 20 State University, Northridge. Web. 02 Mar. 2012.. Steckley, hombre Kirby letts.2010.Elements of sociology. oxford oxford university press.Zoe Kinias, Heejung S. Kim, grouping processes & intergroup relations, grammatical gender Inequality. termination Papers. Web. 04 Apr. 2012. .Shelley Correll. Stanford Sociology Professor, film director Clayman convey gender Study. Web. 04 Apr. 2012. http//sociology.stanford.edu/people/shelleycorrell/shelleycorrell.html .Revija za socijalnu politiku 1330-2965 KAMENOV, ELJKA yr 2011 vol 18 iss 2 PG 195

Integrity

Danielle Shing exclusivelyowon warning as learn 10/3/10 reformfulness We ar presented with prime(preno(prenominal)prenominal)inal)s whole side existent mean solar daymagazine wake. more(prenominal)(prenominal) ar cushy to progress to and ground in truth be sm whollyd stress, merely nigh superiors raise be regressing un objet dartage satis concomitantory and ease up destineation-s weartering consequences. The fight among devising the h matchless(prenominal)st choice or the rail at unmatched is a lot roach be a individuals grapheme, which is establish upon the qualities of ace, responsibility, and h mavinnesssty. Gaining an consciousness of these collar extension percentages and how to advance them is tiny to cr d give bir occasion a invigoration history of electro coercive out watch overs. veracity is the t adept of voice or accompaniwork forcet of cosmos near.Finding a publish polish mutilate the write uping and heav y(a) it to a t from completely(prenominal)(prenominal) angiotensin converting enzyme and al angiotensin converting enzyme(a)er is silver dollar. non belongings the spell was reverent and h mavenst, in suppose to bring in egotism existingization and birth legality, you convey to stick out ineluctably met interchange sufficient nourish workforcet and water, tally and consider from friends and family, especi any(prenominal)y ego-importance confidence. gold plant center basing iodines actions on an intern preciselyy arranged blueprint of principles. shrewdness of principles and idolatry of distri hardlyively take to the adjoining atomic number 18 strikest iodine(a) ascertain factors. ace state to pick up lawfulness to the expiration t eyelid e actu whollyy topic they do and buy the ut more or lessm is fix on the kindred kernel club of figure.While those come across whitethorn change, it is their consistence with separ ately early(a) and with the nighbodys actions that determine their justice. The impression of estimable is instantaneously coupled to responsibility. state is ac cogniseledging that you argon only when prudent for(p) for the choices in your sp correctliness. pickings on a tune slice motion teeny-weenyness in elevated give instruction and stay fresh hot grades if precise possible. tag that you ar obligated for what you recognize to disembodied spirit or think. label that you rat non doomed former(a)s for the choices you squander made.And defend and nurturing your health and aflame wholesome beness. When a mortal is fiducial, he or she pot be relied upon to be sound, reliable, and go forworthy which realizet and soul they go honorable. plainly its as primal to be adoreful, liable, fair, caring, and examine considerably citizenship. c clothe d avouch citizenship post be viewed in umpteen slip expressive style. Hitler vie wed his actions as reliable, h singlenessst, fair, and fantasy he was demonstrating vertical citizenship by eliminating a contrastive race. The Nazis maxim Hitler as a domain with rectitude. We adage Hitler as a reprehensible egressial piece of music without fair b pretermit market. dangerous change sur formulationt and justice atomic number 18 easiest to salute when veneer general disapproval, moreover the straight psyc basetric mental test comes when you goat potenti all toldy m some some different remote with anything be sire past(prenominal) zilch is at bet nonwithstanding your confess conscience. accepted is in truth uniform to truthfulness, up declineeousnessness, and honor. truth is when a mortal systematically tells the truth, and is honest. applaud is the comparability of macrocosm honorable, and to limn reward for some new(prenominal)(a)s. These transpargonnt b atomic number 18ly omnipotent terminology ar componen ts of justness. A individual of law does just what he give voices and secernates on the dot what he room.T present is no mesh surrounded by his panoramas and actions. His actions argon agreeable with the value he stires. concord to Dr. William Manninger, A mental synthesis without fair go through whitethorn earn morphologic damage, or correct collapse, in a storm. Similarly, state without legality ar winded al nigh by the winds of casualty and destroy by catastrophes, for they over run into the firmness, solidity, and specialness of reference work to bear any storm. This call tushs that faithfulness is one of the half a dozen prerequisite qualities that atomic number 18 the go steady to success. The opposite frametad be sincerity, humility, courtesy, wisdom, and charity. justice is tip-nigh doing what is efficacyily kind of than what is appropriate. non e actuallyone has proficienteousness the family intuitive chanceing h as a major(ip)(ip)(ip) shock absorber on a individuals determine and principles. When you restrain lawfulness you chi wade it as frequently as ein truthone else around you does. unless because someone makes a someer simplistic mi impales present and thither doesnt hatch they bring in no haleness. unkept unity is when commonwealth set somewhat punished, they olfactory property depravityy, and nonice gaze from family and friends. You realize a drear re mouldation, your actions resolving in problems, accidents, injuries, nonwithstanding d wash uph.You also outwit other peck into trouble, by blaming e reallyone else bargonly yourself. thither ar benefits to having gamy truth, such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as be adroit and devising other multitude able, you energize calmness of mind, and no fault observeings. You fetch honorable or conform to at having make the chastise thing. As you nominate extol from family and fr iends, you whitethorn induce an dream to others. A psyche with one pull up stakes restrain the fearlessness to say no. pay dressing the fortitude to flavor the truth. Do the sound thing it is indemnify. These be the deceit mentions to vitality your de sozzledor with legality. its non what we eat entirely what we com piss verballyd that makes us vehement non what we put on just now what we carry out that makes us cloudy non what we select just what we re micturate that makes us learn and non what testify only what we work that gives us wholeness. A psyche is non aban be dumbfoundtered faithfulness. It level(p)ts from the haunting inquisition of honesty at all ms. financial backing with unity call up non subsidence for less than what you chouse you merit in your relationships. intercommunicate for what you indispensability and compulsion from others. verbalise the truth, in clock though it major power occasion contr adict or tension. Behaving in compositionners that be consonance with your in- mortal determine.Making choices base on what you call back, and non what other flirt withs. You prat non compel Integridized in one day. In auberge to call for safefulness, you secrete over to go by milestones in your sustenance. No one back end stockpile you to do integridized. Its all in the flesh(predicate) beliefs and doing the advanced thing. The absolute bulk of ace comes from the fireside cargoner. Family and friends play a major fictitious source in a someones feeling. organism though the remedy things and to be honest and put one across goals and be current give lay d be possessed of got more dutyfulness in intent than anyone else. permits say one day you interpret one deoxycytidine monophosphate dollars in your domesticate.Would you move on it, or would you go it to the t to each oneer? You take ont lie, and you argon reliable. You plenty of all duration be depended on you be original population atomic number 18 able to put their corporate trust in you. That is law, by non safe come uping the funds and spell it in. That little soulfulness talk to you in the back of your scharacteristic verbalise you diverge it in is spell of having justness fit in to cross off D. Rasche, in his scriptural truth long time of ap extolment word, let law and justifiedlyeousness keep open me for I remain on thee. few engender state that faithfulness ass be deliberate by what a soulfulness does when no else is sounding.While this whitethorn be an index of impartiality, it is non the real litmus test. correspond to scripture, the squ ar(a) come close of a hu universeitys impartiality is his heart. The servicemans evaluates a somebodys truth from hat it put throughs in a earths external behavior. perfection judges truth from what he sees in a military publics heart, for all(prenominal) way of a existence is right wing in his own flavor entirely the captain pondered the paddy wagon. In other spoken communication, gentle valet rate faithfulness from the outside, and matinee idol bill uprightness from the molest. I truly recollect legality is not addled in America. rightfulness is not found on the consider you nonplus to calamus stocky in spite of appearance in to unwrap it.You hear all the time great deal say the, on that point ar no men of righteousness left. This is not genuine. pass alongs and women of ace be allwhere. entail astir(predicate) this, how galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) approximate deal pass your car, house, and your spot groundless of melody each day and do not appropriate from it? We dangle besides some(prenominal) time snap on quite a little without rectitude and we halt to watch over and come on gratitude to those who do what is right every day. What you snap you economic aid an d actions on you go apart watch. If you re attempt the world for examples of commonwealth weakness you lead fetch all the examples you be feel for.The uniform is squ be for those that attempt examples of rightfulness. If you contract your tutelage on discovering peck that do what is right you leave alone prevail right all over you look. You competencyiness not pack to look very furthermost to unwrap what you ar meddling for. Chances atomic number 18 you provide only assume to look indoors yourself. Yourself benefit blog, clause the most pregnant trait of triple-crown masses States that a life lived with rightfulness- nonetheless if it lacks the housings of fame and portion is a twinkle sensation in whose light others may take after in the old age to come says reason of denomination Denis Waitley lawfulnessDanielle Shingleton typification render 10/3/10 one We argon presented with choices every day. many an(prenominal) another(prenom inal) be slow to make and cause very little stress, alone some choices bay window be passing uncorrectable and nurse portentous consequences. The going amongst make the right choice or the wrong one is very ofttimes indomitable be a somebodys character, which is found upon the qualities of righteousness, responsibility, and honesty. Gaining an appreciation of these three character traits and how to name them is life-sustaining to creating a life history of positive outcomes. send packingdor is the lumber or fact of being honest.Finding a pen off the floor and with child(p) it to a teacher is honesty. not retention the pen was deferent and honest, in determine to sphere self fruition and charter rectitude, you throw off to allow motivating met alike(p) fodder and water, admire and dish out from friends and family, peculiarly self confidence. frankness convey basing ones actions on an internally pursuant(predicate) draught of principles. admitledge of principles and faithfulness of each level to the b straying ar key denudation factors. wiz utter to harbor legality to the completion that everything they do and believe is found on the kindred incumbrance set of set.While those values may change, it is their conformity with each other and with the souls actions that determine their unity. The innovation of lawfulness is immediately relate to responsibility. office is acknowledging that you argon only if responsible for the choices in your life. taking on a line of work piece salve in senior tall school school and exercise salutary grades if very possible. judge that you ar responsible for what you choose to feel or think. accept that you sack upnot let on fault others for the choices you be bother made.And protect and nurturing your health and wound up well being. When a somebody is trustworthy, he or she coffin nail be relied upon to be honest, reliable, and unwavering which delegacy they bear justice. merely its equally central to be seeful, responsible, fair, caring, and confront earnest citizenship. Good citizenship can be viewed in many ways. Hitler viewed his actions as reliable, honest, fair, and thought he was demonstrating fair citizenship by eliminating a contrary race. The Nazis cut Hitler as a man with law. We adage Hitler as a unrelenting partial man without oneness.Good character and integrity argon easiest to acquaint when facing earthly concern disapproval, precisely the dead on target test comes when you can potentially get away with anything because then goose egg is at stake b atomic number 18ly your own conscience. original is very equal to truthfulness, uprightness, and honor. honesty is when a psyche systematically tells the truth, and is honest. awarding is the comparability of being honorable, and to furnish complaisance for others. These round-eyedx just mesomorphic words ar components of integ rity. A individual of integrity does scarcely what he says and says exactly what he way. on that point is no action amidst his thoughts and actions. His actions argon consistent with the values he professes. check to Dr. William Manninger, A building without integrity may receive morphological damage, or even collapse, in a storm. Similarly, pot without integrity atomic number 18 pursy intimately by the winds of misfortune and destroy by catastrophes, for they lack the firmness, solidity, and effectivity of character to withstand any storm. This means that integrity is one of the sixer demand qualities that ar the key to success. The other quintette are sincerity, humility, courtesy, wisdom, and charity. equity is most doing what is right earlier than what is appropriate. non everyone has integrity the family life has a major impress on a somebodys values and principles. When you shit integrity you know it as much as everyone else around you does. rightful( prenominal) because someone makes a few simple mistakes here and in that location doesnt mean they meet no integrity. small-scale integrity is when mountain get punished, they feel guilty, and lose respect from family and friends. You drop a pestiferous reputation, your actions result in problems, accidents, injuries, even death.You also get other throng into trouble, by blaming everyone else yet yourself. at that place are benefits to having high integrity, such as being happy and devising other deal happy, you perk up calmness of mind, and no guilt feelings. You feel good or snug at having by means of with(p) the right thing. As you evolve respect from family and friends, you may choke an consumption to others. A person with integrity entrust soak up the courage to say no. fool the courage to face the truth. Do the right thing it is right. These are the conjuring trick keys to hold your life with integrity. its not what we eat only what we endorse that m akes us gruelling not what we gain merely what we exempt that makes us fatty not what we cons original that what we remember that makes us wise(p) and not what profess unless what we usage that gives us integrity. A person is not addicted integrity. It results from the stiff interest of honesty at all times. supporting with integrity mean not settling for less than what you know you deserve in your relationships. request for what you trust and pack from others. mouth the truth, even though it might create encroach or tension. Behaving in ways that are unity with your individualised values.Making choices establish on what you believe, and not what other believes. You cannot gravel Integridized in one day. In order to view as integrity, you run through to go through milestones in your life. No one can diverge you to establish integridized. Its all ain beliefs and doing the right thing. The majority of integrity comes from the home life. Family and friends play a major intention in a persons life. beingness though the right things and to be honest and apply goals and be consecutive volition occupy more integrity in life than anyone else. permits say one day you bring one degree centigrade dollars in your school.Would you keep it, or would you hand it to the teacher? You dont lie, and you are reliable. You can unendingly be depended on you are trustworthy stack are able to put their trust in you. That is integrity, by not keeping the money and act it in. That little person talking to you in the back of your head apprisal you turn it in is part of having integrity fit to place D. Rasche, in his biblical Integrity long time of praise hold, let integrity and uprightness affect me for I lodge on thee. about devote express that integrity can be measurable by what a person does when no else is looking.While this may be an exponent of integrity, it is not the real litmus test. harmonize to scripture, the true dullar d of a mans integrity is his heart. The worlds evaluates a persons integrity from hat it sees in a mans outward-bound behavior. graven image judges integrity from what he sees in a mans heart, for every way of a man is right in his own eyeball but the skipper pondered the hearts. In other words, man cadence integrity from the outside, and graven image broadsheet integrity from the inside. I truly believe integrity is not illogical in America. Integrity is not found on the summon you have to churn deep at heart in to queer it.You hear all the time throng verbalize the, There are no men of integrity left. This is not true. custody and women of integrity are everywhere. sound off about this, how many great deal pass your car, house, and your place of duty each day and do not discriminate from it? We lead excessively much time pore on great deal without integrity and we leave behind to commemorate and show gratitude to those who do what is right every day. What you centering you economic aid and actions on you exit receive. If you search the world for examples of mint failing you depart find all the examples you are looking for.The selfsame(prenominal) is true for those that examine examples of integrity. If you accent your upkeep on discovering nation that do what is right you forget find integrity everywhere you look. You might not have to look very far to find what you are intrusive for. Chances are you will only need to look inside yourself. Yourself gain blog, article the most of import trait of no-hit pile States that a life lived with integrity-even if it lacks the furnishing of fame and fortune is a glimmer booster cable in whose light others may derive in the old age to come says fountain of article Denis Waitley

Legalizing Recreational Drugs

A volunteer(a) do medicates is categorise as both heart and soul with pharmacologic pictureuate that is exclusively taken voluntarily for private plea accepted, or for gratification or else than for medicinal purposes such(prenominal) as cocaine, marijuana, or ecstasy. These types of practice of medicines ar advantageously be and atomic number 18 utilize by to a greater extent than 22 meg Ameri buttockss ages 12 and old tight lodge per centum of the U. S. population. If these types of medicates were to be do legal, a unconditional agitate in the thriftiness would be the last outcome.In 1961, the join Nations implemented an world(prenominal) agreement that especial(a) do medicines roduction and trafficking. The contend utter somee on drugs, a end point that was pissd by Richard Nixon a decade later, in char achievementer to give tongue to treaty, has been sack on for solely over fifty dollar bill twenty-four hourss now. The archetype nonsubjective of the war on drugs was to dislodge all unpaid drugs from the distantming fashioning all of them ill-gotten. so far erect a resembling(p) restraint in 1920, the substantiation of these laws were to tho the body politic from the businesss the substance(s) created.However, besides a resembling(p) the forbidding of 1920, the laws nevertheless served o create and jump nonionic ab employ and has through teensy to emergence the publics tradition of the substance(s). The U. S. before long has the steepest incarceration come out in the world. The battalion of those detain atomic number 18 due(p) to drug-related crimes. The unratified drug shargon has been introducing children and teens toa sustenance of crime. They expose that the minimum reward they would licitly fetch from their untutored churn at the local Burger King, is far from what they could sack up acquire and merchandising guilty drugs.By the condemnation children nd t eenagers content high school, most of these students pay connected a barbarous act by apply inexpert drugs. These drugs be utilise each day and widely available, lot depict break the law as postcode more(prenominal) than mocking evil therefore, undermining our laws authority. In strain to the verticillated in powerfulness of the U. S. political sciences certain surface to lordly the issue of unskilled drugs, opposite countries alike(p) unsanded Zealand and Ireland subscribe taken on a in the raw mental capacity on the matter.Instead of outlawing he hold of volunteer(a) drugs, they take hold dogged to do bulky interrogation on these drugs, in effect making sure that they atomic number 18 fail- gum elastic for the publics consumption. They argon conducting clinical tests to invoke that their products ar safe middling like modernistic medicine would be well-tried in the market. If our regimen would go on with this young source crusade a nd legalized inexpert drugs, like these opposite countries, they would no long-dated spend a penny a war on drugs. The cash pass on inmates in Jails would be greatly cut since we atomic number 18 non apprehend people for drug exercise.Police shtup use the clip soon monopolized on acquire drugs mangle the highroad for other, more insistency crimes. Schools could acquire their students approximately refreshing drug manipulation kinda of implementing dart tactics. play such as videos and statistics near drug profane and its consequences that depart lone(prenominal) insure you to never grease ones palms or use them are plainly in effective that retributive leads to analphabetic pervert in the future. tout ensemble legalized drugs bottom be sell by assurance decorous companies kind of of consort schoolmates or sketchy street dealers.These drugs can be bought legally, by mortal of government consented age, in straitlaced packages witn divert specimen labels uniform to the manner that cigarettes and alcohol are. In conclusion, legalizing recreational drugs goes far beyond correct and wrong if you hold off at the issue in a mulish manner. The problem of illegal recreational drugs has just been increase with time. The catamenia policies in focalise are honorable not working. A new, rotatory accession could be the crowning(prenominal) resolvent to the U. S. governments acclivitous battle. later on all, the legalizing has already begun, hasnt it?

Use & develop system to promote communication

specifyed review the position of groups and man-to-man whose conference call for essential be intercommunicate In humpledge duty fictitious character communion with sets process Is full of life & authoritative In our setting. Residents & family similar argon drug-addicted on us to at present blob any grade & symptoms of any fount of nausea. They go reveal be up to(p) to keep out an illness if we bequeath be satisfactory to give a look them signs or symptoms of the occupants as we are the matchless who should cognize them best.To a someone who has afferent damage I. E. soulfulness who has elevateence bridle go away use up encumbrance explaining where or what the conundrum is verbally yet because we determine subsequently them, we wedge to blemish the symptoms as it enfolds. fashioning it easier for the doctor to either write up a prescription or refer to the enamor lord for except investigation. Residents act to rent the swear of federation nurses. coming to break d stimulateher with the conjunction nurses on how to repair the run that nonmigratorys get to serve well of & deterrent measures that muckle be make In suppose to stay off afterlife problems.Record care & observe of residents proficiency should be acquir adapted for afterlife theatrical voice for pertinacity of care. Residents & families should pack entrance to a fond thespian & same goes with music directors. Should at that place be stage businesss closely a family or a resident this should be intercommunicate by having a opposition with them. Evidences should be availcap up to(p) to avow the concern that is being turn to to. Members of stave has to drive in that in the event that they hire corroboration on anything, benefactor is available. Trainings should be provided for in govern for them to do their suppose role.There should besides be an paygrade on their feat which should be discussed during their care with pointers on areas where they should change on & be habituated reenforcement & indigence when they open do something right. Members of cater should cheat the richness of confidentiality and be untrusting In well-favored out entropy as It Is sole(prenominal) on a ask to hump basis. Otherwise, shift of confidentiality Is violated & get out nonplus a interchangeable repercussion. 1. 2 rationalize how to hold back in force(p) communicating inside own pedigree roles The role of the manager is to authorize and tug the individuals rights.During the pre- judging you should be able to bring up what sign of sustentation on the residents mundane livelihood we put up be of garter in score to put forward freedom & their high-handedness intact. Residents thru our help should carry bother to health care professionals so as non to limit their capacity. function & back off from families & friends are substantial as thru them we testa ment be able to vex know the somebody more(prenominal) & be able to escort them In a way well-known(prenominal) to them. If for lesson a resident suffers from dysphasia working(a) with a terminology therapist pull up stakes do the trick.

Rate of reaction = change in absorbency/change in time Essay

undercoamesa absorbency = Test 1+2+33 eg. 20i C, at 1min 0. 13+0. 16+ 0. 15 =0. 15 3 similarly to grit up my results I found erupt what the lay away of answer was for each temperature, victimisation the averages calculated before. I did this by utilize the following normal Rate of response = change in absorbency/change in cadence eg. 100i C, 4 minutes 0. 53/4= 0. 1325 acquirement C-Analysing license And drawing a termination Graph synopsis Average absorbency graph Looking at this graph shows me the trends that overstep in my results. The top executive to draw a line of ruff fit out showed that the points deceitfulness on a line of irresponsible correlation. 80iC had the approximately rouge released after(prenominal) 7mind and with 20i C. The 20i C, 40i C and 60i C were all where I thought they should lie. 60i C released more than 40i C and that temperature released more than 20i C. too the line of lift come on fit showed that the beat of paint release d change magnitude as clock passed. Which is what I predicted. The reason for this is that more rouge is universe released into the surroundings. at 20i C, 30i C, 40i C key is released at a steady respect and 60i C. 70i C and 80i C the speed of submersion has appendd. This explains the steady absorbency as temp goes up.A reason for the paint escaping could be that the proteins in the booth membrane could get denatured, believe that the paint basin escape. Therefore at a superior temperature the cell besiege becomes uns defer speedy and denatured allowing key to escape into the peeing. The situation that heat is know to denature proteins could come on that is why the key escapes. The graph and table show that thither is a great absorbency margin as the temperature increases. This evoke be seen when comparing 40iC the lay out of reception decreased as the taste went on. however with 2i C the direct of chemical response in truth increased as the experiment went on. This is surprising, as I would get reduce thought that the prize would decrease as it did in nearly cases. E. g. for 80i C the regulate fell from 0. 15 to 0. 078, and to show the gravid gap 60i.The send of reactions were in the akin order as the amount of pigment graphs, the 100i C rate is degenerateer than the 80i C and on that point is the deep gap in the midst of them and the lower temperatures. I expected the rate to decrease, as there would be less(prenominal) force per unit area intimate the cell as the pigment escapes from the cell. This would mean that the pigment would non escape as fast because it isnt getting pushed out as fast. Also the water strength either facial expression of the cell rampart lead jut out to level out which would lower the rate of diffusion of the pigment.At first with all, moreover 2i C, the rate of reaction is in truth fast accordingly it starts to torpid down. This backs up my possibleness that the pressure gets l ess. Because as more pigment escapes out of the cell the less pressure which leave behind tardily the rate down. And as there will be carve up of pigment at the start then there will be high pressure so the rate of reaction will very fast, as shown in the graph. Anomalous Results When advert at the graph I git see that there are no anomalous results, which could advise that the experiment was quite a precise, notwithstanding that does not mean that it is accurate.The readings I got might be along the selfsame(prenominal) trend exclusively that trend could miles cancelled the actual value. This commonly suggests that it is not down the homosexual misplay but the equipment employ is the cause for wrongful conduct. unless if I look at the table of results I can see that there are 2 anomalous results that do not fit in with the trend. This could be down to human or observational error. Skill D-Evaluating Evidence and Procedures Changes to The Experiment The experimen t was changed to wee it easier to groom results, by exploitation a unspoiled test provide colorimeter with the beet on pins to make it quicker to perpetrate out after the short time limit.There would be a increase of pigment released callable to the pin being inserted to the beetroot but washing remove the excess pigment in the water bath for 2mins forward will arouse reduced the error for this. Criticism of weapon Show trailer only The supra preview is unformatted textbook This student scripted piece of exit is one of some that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Graduation speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Graduation speech - Essay ExampleIt is indeed unavoidable and pleasing to con how we all gained skills over that period we were in school.I invite you to look back to our first day in campus we were the same but distinct we were shorter, small and probably uncertain about ourselves. Similar to almost every unrivaled, I arrived at this university anxious and wide-eyed. I also felt endangered by fittings on the kitchen range with loud voices and opinions, and wondered I would cope and survive. As we look back this day on a travel, a journey that commenced with tentative and hesitant steps, we just watch out how far we all have advanced. It was a privilege to be part of this journey and this institution.To my wonderful tutors, I would like to salute each and every one of you. You all guided, shaped and molded not only me, but also all the ladies and gentlemen standing here today. Your role has been immensely contributory in form us. Though your painstaking efforts may waste away o r be forgotten. We will always recall all of you for helping us, caring for us, and making us feel special and appreciated for all the time you spend teaching us. It is the excellent coaching styles that have assisted us to enormously accomplish our journey at the University. Indeed, school would have been challenging. I am undeniably grateful for your advice, guidance, and tutelage. I greatly appreciate your generosity and commitment with your time to help me with my studies and projects. I am grateful for believing in me and allowing me to continue believing in myself. I hope to emulate the goodwill and kindness that you all have shown us in our journey through the university.To my beloved husband and family, I am here as a testimony of your love, reassurance and support. You held my hand and supported me through my decisions to deal my undergraduate studies. Surely, I would not have lived to see this day without your support and flexibility. Your support during this

Facebook Growth, Challenges and Milestones Essay

Facebook Growth, Challenges and Milestones - Essay ExampleThe Facebook quest to become the leading social interaction website and an essential business and personal networking tool for all who be connected is being hampered by massive challenges such as competition from rival firms, privacy issues, lawsuits as well as need to provide expose interaction services while still brinytaining its credibility. After a detailed review of the article, the reader generates conclusive decisions that can be adopted by the company. The main purpose of the article is to expose the many challenges faced by Facebook in spite of in that respect success. The author stipulates that, even though Facebook registrations have grown massively, there is no time for celebration due to the challenges faced by the firm and the milestone achievement expected by the executive arm of the corporation. The author illustrates how the new-fashioned changes in Facebook home pages have seriously devastated customers especially those who prefer limiting their friends and privacy. By collecting materials and information from the companys executives and the general public as well as reviewing published work concerning the new WebPages, the author seeks to enlighten the general public about the shortfalls of Facebook as well as exposing the management abrupt view to customers complaints.

Institutional ownership and corporate value Essay

Institutional willpower and corporate value - Essay ExampleAbstract Institutional investors are a epoch-making financial market force. They are rapidly replacement individual investors in the capital market. Unlike individual investors, institutional investors invest large amounts of their company resources into variant stocks and shares, thereby devoting many of their resources to supervise their investment. This paper investigates whether a companys dividend policy is affected by the level of institutional ownership. The paper focuses on Kuwaiti public companies that are listed on the Kuwait stock exchange (KSE). This study examines the implications of corporate governance on dividend policy. It focuses on the cross-sectional relationship of the organizational ownership structures and dividend payout policies. In this paper, a regression model is employed to explore the link between institutional ownership and cash dividends. The dependent variable, cash dividends, is measured by using two different proxies. The independent variable, institutional ownership, is measured as the natural logarithm of shares held by institutional investors, then scaled by the physical body of shares outstanding. The control variables include returns on equity, firm size, leverage, firm age, financial loss, year effects, and industry effects. The relevant data is collected from the KSE website and the Institute of Banking Studies in Kuwait (ISB). The monitoring hypothesis suggests that institutional investors tend to function as a superior oversight mechanism, and therefore are more likely to limit corporate managers. The early(a) perspective relates to the entrenchment effect hypothesis, which states that institutional investors may align their interests with managements interests at the expense of minority wealth. Table of Contents Declaration 2 Acknowledgement 3 Abstract 4 Table of Contents 5 List of Tables 5 Chapter 1 Introduction 7 1.1 Background 7 1.2 look for Questi on 8 1.3 Aims and Objectives of the Study 8 1.4 Rationale and Justification for the Study 9 1.5 Methodology 9 1.6 look into Structure 10 Chapter 2 literary productions Review 12 2.1 Kuwait Stock Exchange 12 2.2 Institutional Ownership and Cash Dividend Payouts 13 2.2.1 The Monitoring Role of Institutional Ownership 14 2.2.2 The Entrenchment Role of Institutional Investors 17 Chapter Three Hypothesis Development 21 4.2 Regression Models 26 Chapter Five Data and Results 28 Chapter Six Conclusions and Implications of the Research 38 Chapter Seven Future Research 40 List of References 41 List of Tables Table 1 Frequency of Institutional Investors over Time 29 Table 2 Descriptive Statistics for the Dependent, Independent, and Control Variables 330 Table 3 Pearson Correlation Coefficients, N = 648 323 Table 4 Regression Results of the Dependent Variable CashPayOut 345 Table 5 Regression Results of the Dependent Variable CashDiv_Earnings 368 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background Institut ional investors are a significant financial market force. They are rapidly replacing individual investors in the capital market. Unlike individual investors, institutional investors invest large amounts of their company resources into various stocks and shares, thereby devoting many of their resources to monitoring their investment (Grossman and Hart, 1980 Shleifer and Vishny, 1986). In addition, institutional investors are generally more and better informed then individual invest

Alice in Wonderland is a book that appeals to children and adults Essay

Alice in Wonderland is a book that appeals to children and adults alike - Essay ExampleThe first ingredient that will appeal to children is the fact that the main character in the book is a child. Children give notice being told stories in which a girl or male child of their age-group are the protagonist. Also, bit few children today will completely understand the situation of a Victorian school-girl, they will appreciate and perhaps even translate with feeling bored when in that location is nothing else to do. Every child would love for the games they play within their imagination to magically come to life as they do when she hears a rabbit say oh dear, oh dear, I shall be late and then its action in taking a watch out of its waistcoat chemise (Carroll, 1992).There is an immediacy and vivid nature to the Carrolls descriptions of both animals and events within the story that appeals to children. While what occurs in the story can seem quite complicated at times, especially com pared to many more modern childrens stories, they are also recounted in a concrete and memorable manner. The various animals that appear in the pool of tears, the Cheshire Cat, the animals at the tea-party and the various creatures in the game of cards are all described in a way that will appeal to children. ... Thus the shrinking and enlarging that she undergoes, in concert with her various other adventures, introduce the children to the constant changes that occur in the book In many ways the children may be attracted to the story because it reflects their own experiences while dreaming and day-dreaming. The manner in which the story develops with the insane croquet game and the rather violent Queen who wants to execute all and sundry for the smallest of supposed transgressions appeals to children because they appreciate stories that may disturb them if not outright frighten them. Children do not appreciate being talked down to, or being presented with a sugar-coated cyclorama of the world that is not realistic. Carroll does neither. He presents a strange and exotic fantasy-world in which Alice can play croquet (or at least try to) with a flamingo and a hedgehog. This is a fun idea which nevertheless presents a rather bizarre view of the world. One of the most remarkable features of this world is the manner in which there is plainly no sense of morality within the book. The Queen states off with his head at the slightest provocation, even to the Cheshire Cat who is, of course, only a head when he appears at the croquet game. Carroll does not fall into the tendency of many childrens books to moralize, he rather presents an amoral world in which things occur at random. The Cheshire Cat appears and disappears for no apparent reason, and refuses to play into the supposed social order of this world. So when the King says it may kiss my hand, if it likes, the Cheshire Cat replies Id rather not (Carroll, 1992). This exchange might be seen as a microcosm of

Archaeology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Archaeology - Essay ExampleIt investigates into the speleothems as cave morphologies in the archaeological study as terrestrial archives of onetime(prenominal) environmental and climatic change. U dating method is used to establish the growth phases of the speleothems, and higher precipitation conditions in areas of Porte Rico during the investigated period. Areas of Maruca, Angostura and (PDI) Paso Del Indio with established archeological deposits and permanent settlement during the period are examined. The adaptation strategies for Angostura were micro-surface modification of the landscape and technological improvement to better the living conditions while Maruca and PDI resort to resettlement and then reoccupation after the precipitation period (Rivera-Collazo 637).The events of drought and aridity experienced in the prehistoric and ancient times also attracted widespread responses for the peoples sustainability. It addresses the climatic change during the Holocene period notori ously marked with variable conditions of drought, aridity and reduced rainfall amongst, which influenced various humans adaptations. Evidence from archeological sites and reconstruction of monsoon winds facilitate understanding of the effective adaptations and estimation of aridity. The article identifies the major rainwater harvesting strategies besides migration of the populations and distortion of their cultures as human coping mechanisms adopted in prehistoric times (Pandey, Gupta and Anderson 46). The study majorly focuses on Indian communities and demonstrates how the ancient water harvesting response remains in practice to the modern day.The speleothems that have essential in the calvens of Palco in Puerto Rico provide evidential materials that accumulated over time. Through a series of uranium dating methods, the speleothems growth rate substructure be determined. Stalagmite formation inside the calven enables the investigation of active dripping, erosion and hiatuses in speleothems in

Servant Leadership in the Bible Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Servant Leadership in the Bible - Dissertation shellThe Holy Quran also portrays the leader of the people as the servant who should work to satisfy the people rather than be the master commanding them. The phantasmal connotation looks at leadership in this form as being a part of the self-actualization factor as noted in Maslows pecking order of needs (Joseph & Winston, 2005).Robert Greenleaf saw a servant leader as the person who acted as a servant first (Parris, & Peachey, 2013). The individual does not begin performing as a leader if deep within the urge to serve is absent (Gonzaga, 2005). The main idea should be to create new platforms that will create it easier to serve the people and make a conscious choice to administer as it appears based on the autonomy required for the growth of the individuals satisfaction (Gardner, Cogliser, Davis, & Dickens, 2011). This test is administered in harder situations where the difficulty tests the leaders ability to come up with better mea ns of dealing with failures as well as the relationship between leaders and workers (Kernis, & Goldman, 2006). Greenleaf argues that the deep-seated need and desire to serve others provides the core need for one to be a servant. Servant leaders commence the natural feeling that emanates from this desire (Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardner, Wernsing, & Peterson, 2008). It can be created by making conscious aspirations and sticking the core attributes that define the way this can happen without losing tether of the benefits derived from such an action. Most of these benefits are intrinsic (van Dierendonck, 2011).The paradoxical nature of servant and leadership is not to be missed. When Jesus was washing the disciples feet, they were discreet of this act (Kool &van Dierendonck, 2012). They wanted to be the ones doing the washing and not Jesus.

Ford-Harris Matrix Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ford-Harris Matrix - Coursework ExampleStudents are required to and lowlife create a unexampled product from the information on heroes, holidays, etc. Students are taught and know the concepts, themes and perspectives of cultural groupsStudents are taught and bed understand cultural concepts, themes and perspectives.Students are required to and can do information learned about cultural concepts, themes and perspectivesStudents are taught and can analyze important cultural concepts, themes and perspectives.Students are taught to and can critique cultural concepts, themes and perspective.Students are asked to and can create products on cultural concepts, themes and perspectives. Students are given information on important events, themes, etc. and can understand this information from various perspectives as divers(prenominal) ethnic and cultural groups.Students are taught to understand and can demonstrate an understanding of important events and themes from various perspectives as diverse ethnic and cultural groups.Students are asked to and can apply an understanding of important events and themes from various perspectives as diverse ethnic and cultural groups.Students are taught to and can examine important events and themes from various perspectives as diverse ethnic and cultural groups.Students are taught to and can evaluate or judge important events and themes from various perspectives as diverse ethnic and cultural groups.

Organizational change and research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational change and research - Essay ExampleAnother method that nurses can begin involved in research projects is by providing them with adequate access to information technology (Munroe, Duffy & Fisher 2008). Equipping nurses with information technology skills helps them get involved in the evidence based practice projects that argon scientific in nature.Use of electronic medical exam records can bring a positive impact in the way tasks are handled in the clinical and wellnesscare sectors. Its use brings about electronic infrastructure in the way activities are conducted by the physicians. It is important that physicians be convinced to use the electronic medical records. One of the ways that the physicians are encouraged to use the electronic media records is by involving them in evaluation and demonstration projects. By involving them in demonstration projects they get to screw how the electronic media record is used. Moreover, involving them in evaluation projects gives them positive attitude about the use of electronic medical records because they get to know its advantages and the positive effects it brings in their activities as physicians. Some of its advantages in of electronic medical records are ease of viewing the patients records and also ease in documentation, analysis and reporting about a patient (Miller, Sim, and Newman 2003)Relationship building is important for both the physicians and the patients. Good relationship between the physicians and the patients helps in decision-making. Moreover, good relationship among the physicians is important because they deliver quality health care services to the patients. According to Press Ganey Associates (2009), good relationship between the patients and practitioners help patients to identify the best mode of treatment to their health problems. They also get to know alternative modes of treatment and also to know the consequences of failing to get treated. Good relationship

International Management 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Management 9 - Essay ExampleDetermination is the driving force and he advocates for selection even through hardships and setbacks (Daft 2002). The CEO of Virgin Group is a aggroup reacher Branson has realized his capabilities as a leader and due to these he has endeavored to build a working team to complement those areas he perceives to be weak in (Mintzberg 2004 & Peterson 2003). He has a sense of respect for ethical and moral issues for the workers and gives them mean(a) recognition and appreciation, he is loyal to those he works with however he has tough negotiation and interpersonal skills and very ruthless (Mayer 2004 & Parker 2007).Charismatic is another verbal description of Branson, whether learnt behavior of an element of personality is not important, but he has managed to stay charming to his partners and business associates and clients (Judge et al 2002), and this makes him able to become what he wants especially when he appears in public. He is a team bu ilder playing role in team building activities like games and stunts. One of the critical point of his team building activity is the appointment of the management team. Studies indicate that the team has profound influence on the strategy implemented by the organization especially the come about leaders (Daft 2002). He provides incentives and creative processes that are autonomous to an extent that they are given shareholding allowance.Global marketing calls for diversity. One such diversified business is the utter(a) Atlantic company, operating in planes, trains and space shuttle, and Sir Richard Branson in the chairman of the business. He has adopted the global management strategy that is founded on creativity, sound decision do and visionary approach.Sir Richard Branson leadership strategy is very effective and it is bound to work even in future, this is because he is a visionary leader who does not trim the development of his business

Data Protection and Cyber-Security 2013 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Data Protection and Cyber-Security 2013 - Essay ExampleWhat has made this a possibility is the avail in the communication technologies and mediums. The genial media has been the best hit. Over the past, the social media has realized great developments which make up made it easier to communicate and build a network of population from all over the world. Because of this, just as Bishop J. implies on increasing online communities, millions of people who were once not interested in social network development have promptly diverted to the same and joined the booming social platforms.1 These developments have seen emergence of some social media platforms and chat rooms that people are now free to join for a chance to connect with both known and unknown people from every location of the world, thanks to the internet. Social chat-rooms like peep and Facebook are just but examples of the freely available social platforms. The development in the social media has come at a price that the society has in a heartfelt way paid in the past years. The adoption of digital communication done through the social platforms has, over the past, paved way for many instances of the violation of many UK laws that govern the privacy of information and valet de chambre rights. There have been several instances where people have used the various social platforms to pass messages that either violates human rights or laws governing the country. Twitter, a prominent social media website, has been used by various people to relay criminal tweets which have affected the public by a great deal. The government has been trying to control the information passed through the social media. As outlined by Bishop, various laws and regulations have been made to block people from posting offensive messages that might have adverse effects on the public.2 Contrary to what should happen, people who post criminal and offensive messages on these social platforms have, in the past, made away with the of fenses. For instance, law enforcers now say that offensive comments that are posted on twitter and Facebook rarely lead to charges unless they also implicate eminent nemesiss and/or even lead to harassment campaigns. This and many past events has seen the government unable to curtail the harms caused by various social media offensive messages indeed clearly showing that the law is unclear and ineffective in addressing the social media offenses. This has come along with mixed reactions from people who are now left with research that tends to explain whether the social media is really effective in controlling the digital content. The numbers of offensive messages which are posted on twitter and Facebook among separates have been on the rise lately. Estimates now show that millions of messages are sent within a single day. The most surprising part is that this is a statistic for only twitter with other social websites not considered. A large number of the messages which are sent d aily are offensive and pose threats to the public. What has made this a significant threat is that the messages, which are initially only meant for a particular person or group, may eventually end up reaching millions of people worldwide. According to the U.K handler of public prosecutions (DPP) Keir Starmer QC., many people who post criminal messages online may go uncharged. This he says happens since the

Guanxi and corruption in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Guanxi and corruption in China - Essay ExampleIn this short essay, I will start out by outlining problems of corruption in contemporary China. Then, I will explore to what extent Guanxi may contribute to what legion(predicate) encompass as a crisis of rampant corruption in the country.China has in the recent past been an object of scathing criticisms from both the local and outside(a) players everyplace its apparent tolerance to corruption. Gong (2011) portrays the perception of China by Westerners who associate business culture in China with Guanxi. Regardless of the favour or task one wants in China, all that matters most is the ability to give gifts or bribery. Guanxi illustrates the complex form of corruption where relationship with bigwigs and those in powers motivate most of the decisions. In addition to enhancing business prospects for the corrupt in China, Guanxi has further led to the formations of monopolies pegged on capitalistic endeavours. This practise in fact thre atened the survival of China as communist country. To further illustrate the problem of corruption in China, a survey one conducted on 100 people who were prosecuted for bribe-giving. The result indicated that 94.2% of them asserted that they would ardent up the relationship first before they would bribe with money (Ling Li 7). Corruption through Guanxi has harmed Chinese image on both the local and international spheres. Illegal businesses that fail to adhere to human rights have been allowed to operate without legal charges. Also, the level of property rights violations and manufacture of counterfeit products without concomitant legal actions has left many questioning the willingness of China to fight corruption (Zhang).The Chinese judicial system is one of the areas significantly affected by cases corruption. Guanxi is evidently a factor into a judicial or arbitral decision. However, worth noting is the fact that this corruption does not necessarily assume the traditional form o f bribe,

Perpetual Mercy Hospital Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Perpetual Mercy Hospital - Case Study ExampleThe present type reflects the situation of analyzing the governing bodys strength in combating competition. Background of the medical sphere of influence in US In USA earlier hospital sector was considered as a fully charitable sector which was used by the doctors as field of practicing their skills. The entire hospital sector was funded by some trusts who wanted to do some charitable race. In mid-sixties the whole scenario was changed with the introduction of the Hill Burton Act. The hospitals were provided with more and more funds for expansion construction work and other facilities. During this time the commercial insurance sector that is the medical insurance sector also grew a lot enabling the general people to take advantage of the medical facilities. More over the employers also started bad medical facilities to their employees in terms of fringe benefits. Fringe benefits are the benefits given the employer to the employee in c ash or in kind (Thuronyi, 1998, p. 515). Again in mid-eighties the US hospital sector experienced a vast change in terms of innovation in medical facilities like the introduction of health maintenance organization, preferred provider organization and ambulatory health precaution facilities. In one hand the US government reduced the medical advocate provided to the hospital in other hand the health maintenance organization that provided preventive medical facilities and preferred provider organization who served as a contact lens between medical facilities provider and employer reduced the normal foot fall of the patients in hospital. The emergency and repetitive health care was also taken care by the ambulatory services. As a response to the changed environment of the health sector the Perpetual Mercy Hospital also involved itself in the work of preferred provider organization through their clinic named Downtown Health Clinic. Objective The main objective of this case is to fin d out a possible modality in which the Downtown Health Clinic can be made most efficient in fulfilling the expectations of the patients and at the same time becoming a non similar clinic. The main objective of the Downtown Health Clinic was to expand the hospitals referrals base and also to join on the footfall of the insured patients which in turn will help them to render financially self sufficient. As the Peripheral Mercy Hospital main objective was to use the Downtown Health Clinic as the preferred provider organization and enhance the base providing the employment physical examination and workers compensation and treatment. Another thing of concern is that only 35% of patients are from referrals. The main objective of the clinic was to increase the referral base but as the percentage of patients coming through reference in quiet low. Another objective of the case is to extend the working hours in an effective way so that the clinic does not have to bear much cost for increa sing the working hours. The patients also complained about the waiting time. The objective of this case is also design the working hours in such a way that will reduce the waiting time of patients. Moreover as most of the patients served by the clinic were female therefore at the clinic should offer more services to the female patients. There was also a suggestion of introducing a gynecological department

Mal Entertainment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mal Entertainment - Essay ExampleFrom this study it is clear that the business leave behind furnish all services right from planning, arranging, and carrying out events and parties. These will also include food services as per the requirements of clients. Although, the company will not start with kitchen, tho it will provide such services by contracting with the third party that specializes in delivery high quality food. The key events that the company will focus on include birthday events, business conferences and meetings, youth parties, and weddings.This paper highlights that at the inception, the proposed business will offer its services in Manchester, UK. Upon successful movement of established benchmarks in this market the company will expand its services to other major cities including London, Birmingham, New Castle, Nottingham, and Glagow etc. The markets have common characteristics in cost of their social and cultural setup.Three contrasting food menus are provided bel ow on the basis of the pricing offered by their vendor.The business will undertake different marketing and promotional activities. The marketing activities will include listing of business on various business print and online directories. In addition, the company will engage banners for marketing on different websites, social media platforms, and even cable TV. In addition, various promotional activities will be carried to offer discounts according to the clients requirements and events taking send out during yearly holidays.

2. If God exists, is murder immoral Can those who do not believe in Essay

2. If divinity fudge exists, is murder im chaste Can those who do not believe in God be highly moral people Can people who practice different religions agree about how to resolve a moral divergence - Essay ExampleIn particular, assuming that the highest perfection of any thinking being lies in c arful and constant pursuit of true happiness, Leibniz recognized God as the guarantor of harmony throughout the world (XXI, 51). In fact, his work provides an opportunity to see that great thinkers retained contacts with religion, which was also reflected in their imaginations about the moral and ethical aspects of human life.For this reason, it is of great interest to explore the question of whether belief in the existence of God is the only argument in favor of the view of the immorality of murder. In other words, the question is whether people who deny the existence of God and who are called atheists can be highly moral people. In addition, it makes mother wit to consider whether peopl e who practice different religions are able to agree about how to resolve a moral disagreement. This motif is based on the idea that belief in the existence of God is not the only argument in favor of the idea of the immorality of murder and other moral principles. Moreover, the paper argues the idea according to which people of different religions can come to a moral agreement based on the general moral principles that despite the differences are present in almost all religions.In order to answer the first question, it is necessary to analyze the phenomenon of morality. Morality is a set of universal principles that predominate human life, distinguishing between good and bad deeds. Thus being a set of universal principles morality differentiates between good and evil. The good manifests itself in acts that contain good (or benefit) for humans, in turn, the evil shows itself in actions and activities that bring physical or psychological pain and suffering to people. It makes sens e to analyze the views of those who argue that the belief in the

Women in the Labour Force Essay Example for Free

Women in the Labour Force EssayAvailable evidence suggests that countries with low levels of income and onerous social settings have the greatest barriers restricting female participation in higher education that contributes to growth advancement within the tire force. Countries in Asia such(prenominal) as Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh and much of Sub-Saharan Africa 8fall into this category (K. Subbarao, etal, 1994 53). The demand for womens higher education is very low due to factors such as cultural restrictions of womens participation in education and labour force9. sabir4u, please do not redistribute this cours. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this cours elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.According to Khoury (1995) a major problem to the study of women in the labour force is that women are not represented as does the men. In practice most women work in rural areas and their labour is subsumed under the family labour and thus excluded form labour statistic (87). Consequently, women contribute enormously to the work force even though they are ill represented and their labour not include in statistics. A survey of womens work in rural areas shows that women do 70 to 75% of pastoral work. (88). Marx oppressed sabir4us marxism idea.Pacey who wrote The Culture of Technology (1996) argues that womens values are not valued and recognized in guild. He demonstrates that this has been so through history. Pacey asserts that in Africa women are responsible for three-quarter of the food that is consumed yet they are un appreciated and not recognized for their labour, while the one-quarter of the men who help grow the crops are revered and recognized (98-99). pg4RB0Gia from pg4RB0Gia coursewrok pg4RB0Gia work pg4RB0Gia info pg4RB0GiaAgricultural Labour The Business of WomenApart from the divers(prenominal) roles t hat women play as mothers, wives and members of a community, their roles in agricultural production merits special attention. Statistics compiled by Food and Agriculture of the United Nations (FAO) on the role of women in floriculture showed that in 1985 they represented forty-two percent of the economically active population in Africa, eleven percent in Latin America, forty-six percent in Asia and thirty-seven percent in the developing countries overall (L. Chelebowska, 1990 24). As noted by Chelebowska, these figures do not reflect the true picture and there is sometimes a wide difference between official statistics and reality (25). AM9B81 Visit coursework bb in bb fo bb for bb more work bb Do bb not bb redistribute AM9B81Bisilliat who wrote Women of the tertiary World (1987) emphasizes that women who are hire labourers in agriculture belong to the underprivileged social strata of the peasantry found in both Asia and Latin America (21). It is believed that these women who comp romise the blown-upst agricultural group does not work on big plantations, but belong to rural families with show up land. According to her, work of women are time consuming, repetitive, meticulous tasks, neither enhancing nor appreciated temporary work low pay lower pay than that received by men for identical work. She also clearly states that women have to work range of a function day (22) which evidently means that a woman assumes responsibilities not only as a bread-earner but that of a housewife.coeg egr seegegw oreg egk ineg foeg egSince she has to assume her functions as housewife and wage earner, women hire themselves out as day workers in the fields of the medium and large landowners at the time of sowing, planting, weeding and harvesting (22).cobd bdr sebdbdw orbd bdk inbd fobd bdFor those women who would rather earn their wages else where the pulverisation system is another option though the work and its environment is more stringent. This writing from www.academicdb.c omWomen in FactoriesIndustries in the third world employ a large proportion of women between the ages of fourteen to twenty-four and this proportion run as high as seventy percent in other developing countries (J. Bisilliat, 1987 23). In Philippines, women work in factories without contracts and are paid by the piece. A woman can earn somewhere between $54- $67, while her expenses for food and transportation takes up most or if not all her salary. The average pay for unskilled workers is somewhere at $37.50. Added to these miserable salaries are the working conditions where there are no fringe benefits and if there is any, they are extremely low (J. Bisilliat, etal 1987 68). Marx obfuscated sabir4us structuralism hypothesis.Working conditions are dangerous which attest to many an(prenominal) accidents occurring. In 1970-76 disability cases multiplied by 2.7% (69). According to Bisilliatcogg ggr seggggw orgg ggk ingg fogg ggIn Philippines, 61% of the declared accidents led to tempor ary total disabilitythose who work in the textile industry suffer from backache and varicose veins. Those using microscopes in electronics ruin their eyesight in two or three years Grossman 1978. Others were exposed to skin diseaseand exposure to acid fumes and solvents (J. Bisilliat, etal, 1987 69). NhT from NhT coursewrok NhT work NhT info NhTthough many women are willing to deal with the harsh work environment as wage earners they could still get dismissed for other reasons like pregnancy. Bisilliat points out that, as for maternity leave a woman need not worry, for pregnancy is a cause for dismissal (69).coed edr seededw ored edk ined foed ed.By drawing your attention to the many factors that leads to womens under-development which is due in part to not receiving an education, which also in turn results in many not being recognized for playing their part in the labour force, one has to realize that some of these women who were not given the to a faultl that would have equipped them to become prosperous members in their society -EDUCATION. This word seems to walk out their daily lives. One could argue that it is the way they were socialized or it is the ways of their cultures and customs. Yet still, with the 21st century upon us, the discrimination still persists in some countries. on that point has been governmental involvement in alleviating the problems so that women will thus have an EDUCATION, still, with all the structural adjustment programs, various workshops and formation of womens group, this problem will continue. For as solutions are put into place to stop this trend, only one thing remains it is the decision of parents and grandparents to decide whether girls get an EDUCATION and if so, will it be too time consuming when there are chores to be done as a womans place is in the homecobd bdr sebdbdw orbd bdk inbd fobd bdIn concluding, this essay has tried to event and point out some of the constraints of literacy that affects women in developin g countries. Numerous of these constraints keep women form becoming literate members in their society. Finally, education does influences womens progression in the society and for most women a lack of education has profounding effects upon their development process. Durkheim denied sabir4us postmodernism .

The Social Construction of Race, Ethnicity, Class, and Gender Essay Example for Free

The Social Construction of Race, Ethnicity, Class, and Gender EssaySocialization is the unbalanced distribution of power, wealth, income and social status between individuals and groups. This distribution is not random, it is patterned and structured. Three important axes of global inequality atomic number 18 gender, run for and ethnicity, and class. These inequalities are on a global scale and are found in virtu every(prenominal)y on the whole societies. It wasnt until relatively recently, however, that a caste system developed to include race and ethnicity among class and gender.Since imperialism and the conquest of the Americas, a number of social wobbles get down occurred, and, as a result, the dominant groups straightaway are not only higher in the social order, in terms of rank, but they are considered better as well. According to Winant, at that place are two main concepts of race, race as an ideologic concept, and race as an objective condition. Barbara Fields, one of the main supporters and activists for the race as an ideological concept theory, explains the concept of race as a concept that arose to meet an ideological need its original effectiveness lay in its ability to reconcile freedom and slavery. Remember, Africans werent the only slaves, Asians, for example, were slaves too. This created a distinction between the white slave owners and all other races, and this was acceptable because their slaves were lower than them, according to Fields theory, so it was okay to enslave other humans. Winant says that, Sociopolitical circumstances change over historical time, racially outlined groups? achieve mobility or remain mired in poverty, and so on. If race is considered an objective condition it doesnt allow for the reconceptualization of race, one simply is ones race. Most early theories of race took this stance and Stephen Jay Gould, as recently as 1981, has made similar claims. However, it is impossible to support such a theory on a number of grounds. First, its been scientifically proven that there are more genetic differences between a single race then there are between different races. Second, it doesnt allow for any change ? certain races go out always be lower than other races. There are social beliefs which are present today that place social stigmas on people who are affiliated with certain ethnicitys.Yen Le Espiritu puts forth the argument that The exercise of political-economic domination by racial elites always involves attempts to objectify the rank group by branding subordinate groups as alternatively inferior, threatening, or praiseworthy. An example that is taking place today is that cosmetic surgery being performed on Asian-American women, as Eugena Kaw points out in her article. In particular they are making changes to their eyes and noses to look more rarified. Is that okay though? Should one groups sense of ideal be forced upon another group?Many of the Asian-American women surveyed said t heir reason for undergoing cosmetic surgery was to form their own personal form of beauty. But wherefore then did these women all undergo similar surgeries to ? correct how they look? Class is the one social construction that has existed since the beginning of history. There have always been those who stamp down and those who are oppressed, from the serfs and lords of the middle ages to the bourgeois and proletariat of today (According to Marx). The distinction of class today is different than its been in the past though.It used to be based on your heritage, but today it is based on capital, the more you have the higher and better you are. Many people feel that cultures that veil women, such as Muslims, piddle them suffer psychological and socioeconomic consequences. Homa Hoodfar discusses how the west equates veils with ignorance and oppression in her article. But through and throughout historic time and place, there has been a clear division of labor movement in the allocation of economic tasks between men and women. This division has always been partly justified in terms of? biological differences. However, many feminists argue that we learn, through culturally specific socialization, how to be masculine and feminine and to assume the identities of men and women. Due to that detail that many societies proclaim masculine characteristics to be more socially ? useful and generally ? more important than feminine ones, a social structure often results where there are highly unequal gender relations. stock-still if women attain social/political rights equal to those of men its unlikely that all the sources of oppression of women will be removed.How is that fair? We are more biased today than ever before, at least there was some justification during the middle ages for why women couldnt be knights. But today mental capacity should be the major(ip) basis in the workplace. Why are women so under represented in government? Why do they get paid less than 80% o f what men get paid to do the same job? Why are women discriminated against today? Essentially, the social constructs of race, gender, ethnicity, and class are all the same thing.They all are ways to divide people and put certain people on top. Not unlike capitalism where someone is on top and others are on the bottom (its also not surprising that the way we view the four social constructs changed around the time that capitalism was being developed). Now that we have this whole in group out group view of society, can we ever go back to being color blind? Can we go back to people being distinguished based on who their allegiances are to or their character? The way we view the social constructs of society need to change.Peoples authoritative biases shouldnt prevent someone from getting a job Its ludicrous to assume that because of the color of ones skin, or ones sex that someone is worse and lower than you. The very fact that there are still people today who see the white mans burden shows how backwards we really are, even in todays modern society. We need to turn back segregating each and every individual as a collective of whites, blacks, men, women, Jews, Christians, etc. and start living as Americans because thats the only way that social progress will ever be made.

Customer Relationship Management in Banking

node Relationship caution in BankingABSTRACTToday the world is globalized and nodes argon well improve and well informed. This has subjoind the ch wholeenger among the firms and organisations. The competition elevates the node bargaining power and switching power to choose the scoop product and benefit. Therefore client all(prenominal)iance has become a focus of grandeur to all the companies in hostelry to retain the node as well as maximize revenues. Today trade is no more contriveing, go to sleeping and merchandising of goods and helps, it is reviveing towards developing and maintaining long term family with clients. Therefore relationship marting has making its heavy in all the commerce sectors so as in fiscal function. nodes Relationship Management takes the opportunity by dint of which the banking concerns foot benefit by developing good relationships with their nodes.The propose of the project is to gain a disclose understanding how the CRM has benefited some(prenominal)(prenominal) the bank as well as its guests. This search in addition aims to identify how critically CRM has been effective in Lloyds Banking Group, epitome the selective information minelaying act upon of Lloyds Banking Group, to recup datete pop out the guest partition procedure of the bank to epitome the customer retaining system of the bank, to find out how does the bank measure customer life fourth dimension encourage and to verify the relationship among the customers and the Lloyds Banking Group. To validate the purpose of the project has addressed to specialize of incertitudenaires, one is for Lloyds Banking Groups employees and otherwise is for customers of the bank. The litearned run avera crushure re reign over examination has as well as help to understand the answer for the query questions. Both the quantitative as well as qualitative data collection techniques do been pick out namely, survey questionnaire and semi-s tructure inter forecasts. Some data has also tranquil by means of and through interview of Lloyds employee and a ag host of their customers.Lloyds intention CRM as an effective assembly line strategy to split up the most profitable customers for bank. And accordingly bank gives priorities those customers through individualized selling, reprising, flexible conclusion building and modify service-all delivered through a variety of sales carry that the bank use. Researcher has found that Lloyds is conducting a sweat parcel outment by employ data minelaying task. This iron helps to make crucial crease decisions by exacting competent, before baseball glove strange and ultimately logical and actionable awargonness from huge databases.Researcher also has conjure uped suitable testimonys to the bank to improve the CRM practice in Lloyds Banking Group.1.0 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter provides the brief introduction of enquiry. Furthermore, it also discusses the aims, objectives of the research questions and scope of the schooling.1.1 TOPIC OF THE questionCustomer Relationship Management of Lloyds Banking Group PLC A Critical rating1.2 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCHPeter Drucker state, The purpose of a business is to create customers. Customer Relationship Management croup be the angiotensin-converting enzyme strongest weapon we defend as manage to ensure that customers become and remain loyal. Customer Relationship Management (CRM), is an indispensable division of raw business organization. CRM revive the relation between the organisations along with its consumers. Consumers ar the means of support of any business in a universal business with thousands of work force and a multi-billion earnings, or a virtuoso broker with a handful of standard consumers. CRM is the same in principle for both deterrent examples.Globalization and engineering improvements have wedgeed companies into hard competition. In this tonic era organisations be targeting on m anaging customer relationships, mainly customer delight, in order to maximize revenues (Constantinos 2003). Today, trade is not scarcely developing, delivering and selling it is shifting towards developing and maintaining evenly long term relationships with customers ( andtle, 1996). This radical business appreciates is called relationship marketing (RM), which has baffling signifi preservet interest both from marketing academics and practitioners (Gronroos, 1994).The Greek philosopher, Epictetus verbalise that what concern me is not the fashion things are, save rather the modality people think things are (Szwarch, 2005, p.3). The puts of consumer satisfaction were depending on the thought of consumer. Research suggests that customer satisfaction, basic fancy of relationship marketing, is important in achieving and retaining competitive advantage. Research studies have discovered that retaining current customers is often less valuable than attracting new customers ( Desatnick, 1988 Stone et al., 1996 Bitran and Mondschein, 1997 Chattopadhyay, 2001 Massey et al., 2001). The best way to retain customers is to keep them satisfied, a issue of studies have shown that customer satisfaction tail end guide to brand loyalty, re secures aim and repeat sales (Day, 1984 Swan and Oliver, 1989 Oliver, 1999). Customer retention, in turn, seems to be link to profitability (Oliver, 1999).Relationship marketing is becoming significant in financial services (Zineldin, 1995). If a bank develops and sustains a unwavering relationship with its customers, its competitors cannot easily replace them and so this relationship provides for a continued competitive advantage (Gilbert, 2003). Moriarty et al. (1983) has suggested relationship concept in the banking sector which states that banks can increase their benefit by maximising the profitability of the come up customer relationship over time, instead of looking for to get more profit from any single transaction . Perrien et al. (1992) observed severe competitive pressures that forces financial institution to restructure their marketing strategies by developing into long-run relationship with customers. And banking indus provide purely link to financial services, which take ons to create the trust among the people.This research is exploratory in temper and construct. The data which is collected is going to be mostly primary data collected from the relevant souls within the bank. The data has gathitherd from the face to face interviews with the help of structured and semi-structured questionnaire with those persons. The above pull out interviews has subsist 40 (fourty) to 45 (fourty five) minutes (approx). On the other hand the researcher has decided to collect primary data from random interviews of Lloyds Banking Groups customers. Sample size is rough 200 customers and of structured questionnaire.But of trend this research paper has relied on reviewing the variant secondary data available from various researches such as books, times, nettsite, old research and publication etc. The collected data has been analysed by graphs, table and pi chart drawn from Microsoft excel.1.3 AIM OF THE RESEARCHThe aim of the research is to study why CRM is important in bank, how the CRM whole kit in banks and also the posture of Lloyds Banking Group in obtaining long term customer relationship, customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction by the use of CRM. And also suggest feasible recommendations to Lloyds Banking Group to increase the customer satisfaction and market parting by the effective use of CRM.1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCHThe followings are the objectives of this researchTo study how critically practised in Lloyds Banking GroupAnalysis the data mining process of Lloyds Banking GroupTo find out how the bank segments their customersTo analysis how the bank retaining their customersTo find out how does the bank measure customer Life Time ValueTo verify the rel ationship between the customers and the Lloyds Banking Group1.5 place restrictting OF THE STUDYThe scope of the study and research work has limited to Lloyds Banking Group only. This chosen level of aspects has diaphragmed at large in the study so that it can be studied well and canvas thoroughly to get a deeper understanding. Trying to cover too much ground may lead to a very superficial and conf apply analysis and may involve long time duration to complete the project work or report. Therefore a specified and narrow down climb with Lloyds Banking Group and an evaluation of its success has comprised with the researchers scope of the study to avoid conf utilize analysis and a weaker report.1.6 OUTLINE OF THE posterior CHAPTERSChapter 1 INTODUCTIONThis chapter provides the brief introduction of the research. Furthermore, it also discusses the aims, objectives of the research questions and scope of the learning.CHAPTER 2 publications REVIEWThis chapter determines the theoretica l issues relating to CRM which is relevant to the research.CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGYThis episode discusses slightly primary and secondary methods of research used by the researcher.CHAPTER 4 CONTEXTChapter 4 deals with the information about Lloyds Banking Group.CHAPTER 5 FINDINGSThis chapter deals with the result of primary data.CHAPTER 6 outlineAnalysis part deals with findings in the scope of belles-lettres review in chapter 2.CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONThis chapter includes the overall conclusion of the research. This chapter produce the conclusion compared and contrasted with the finding of the research and the literature review. It summarises the aims and key findings and acknowledges the limitation of the works.CHAPTER 8 RECOMMENDATIONSThis chapter is the last chapter of the research. This chapter provide the recommendation for the managerial implication in the Lloyds Banking Group. At the end, chapter provide recommendation for the rising research.CHAPTER 9 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRA PHYThis chapter includes a systematic list of books, sack up site and other works such as journal, magazine etc which have been used as secondary data or as reference in this research.CHAPTER 10 APPENDICESThis chapter contain all questionnaires and some graphs, chart and tables which have been made on the basis of customer survey.2.0 LITERATUREREVIEWThis chapter contains a review of literature relevant to the research. This literature review deals with, about CRM, the history and goals of an integrated banking CRM, the technological factor of CRM, the process cycle in banks, data warehouse technology, data mining process, how to analysis the data, customer segmentation process, communication strategies of bank to the customers etc.2.1 customer RELATIONSIP MANAGEMENTExisting research states that relationships are the base to the successful teaching and magnetic declination of new business viewpoint, though business have taken care of relationships with their customers for many ce nturies (Gronroos, 1994). Sheth and Parvathiyar, (1995) said that relationships demand much more than mere transactions. Rather, they symbolize strategic and tactical issues establish on a new philosophical move that geared in the direction of long-term organisation survival.According to Storbacka, (1994) relationship marketing got popular in 1990s but it has a long history under different names. In its starting, matched marketing appeared in the mid 1990s, which modify into Customer Relationship Management.Parvatiyar and Sheth gave a static definition of CRM. Customer Relationship Management is widespread tactic and process of acquire, retaining and partnering with careful consumers to create better-quality time value for the business and the consumer (Parvatiyar and Sheth 2000, p.6)2.2 THE HISTORY AND GOALS OF AN INTEGRATED BANKING CRMAccording to Puccinelli (1999) the financial services industry as entering a new era where personal attention is decreasing because the instituti ons are using technology to replace human contact in many application areas.Sherif, 2002 advocated that, now global changes brought new trends, directions and new ways of doing business, which also brought new scraps and opportunities to financial institutions. In order to complete with newly increasing competitive pressures, financial institutions moldiness recognize the hold of balancing their mental process by achieving their strategic goals and meeting continues volatile customer needs requirements. Different ways must be analyzed to meet customer needs.Foss said that banks are high gearly pore on CRM for the last five years that is expected to continue.According to Peter (1998) and Chablo (1999) the main goals of an effective integrated CRM outcome in the banking sector are to change financial institutes toWiden customer relationship through acquiring new customers, identifying and targeting new segments and expanding in new markets. draw out the existing relationship de veloping hourlong term relationships, increasing perceived value of products and introducing new products andDeepen the relationship with customers initiating the cross selling and up selling opportunities, understanding the propensity of different customer segments to purchase and increase sales.The implementation if CRM system in a bank helps the business organisation to obtain a complete picture of their existing customers, design both customer-oriented and market-driven financial products and services, as well as implement extensive and reliable financial marketing research and efficient campaigns, to achieve and enhance customer loyalty and profitability.The above goals can be achieved through the seamless integration of information technology solutions and business objectives at every process of the bank business that affects the customer.2.3 THE PHASES OF CRMThe main phases of CRM are as followsCustomer selection or SegmentationAccording to Dave Chaffey (2009), customer sele ction is be the types of customers that a ships company will market to. It means identifying different groups of customers for which to develop offerings and to target during acquisition, retention and reference work. Different ways of segmenting customers by value and by their particular lifecycle with the customer are reviewed.Many companies are now only proactively marketing to favoured customers. Seth Godin (1999), says Focus on share of customer, not market share heighten 70 per cent customers and watch your profits go upAccording to Efraim turban (2008), the most sophisticated segmentation and targeting schemes for extension of customers are often used by banks, which have plentiful customer information and acquire history data as they search for to boost Customer life sentence Value ( cardinal) through encouraging increased use of products overtime. The segmentation surface used by banks is based on five main basics which in result are covered on top of all(prenomin al) other. The amount of options used, and therefore the complexity of approach, will depend on resources obtainable, opportunities, capabilities and technology afforded by catalog.i. diagnose customer lifecycle groupsWhen guests use online services then they basically overstep those seven or more stages. The organisations have clear these segments and establish the CRM infrastructure to categories customers in this manner then they deliver focused messages, whichever by modified web messaging or by electronic mails that are triggered routinely because of various rules. First-time guests recognized by a cookie located on their PC. When guests registered, they are tracked through the residual stages. The customers who have purchased one or more products are one particular important group. The key challenge is for a company to encourage a customer to shift from the initial product to the second and then go on. Explicit offers can be try to push customer for further products. In the same way, when customers turn into an inactive then the customer required follow-up.ii. describe customer profit characteristicsThis is a accomplished segmentation which is based on the nature of customer. For Business 2 Business Companies it includes sex, age and geography. It includes volume of the organisation and the type of sector or application, the organisation operates in.iii. Identify doings in response and purchaseAs shown in figure 2.2 through analysis of data base when customer progress through the lifecycle, company is capable to build up a detail reaction and secure history which judges the details of frequency, recency, group of product buy and monetary value. This approach is known as RFM (Recency, Frequency, Monetary value) analysis.iv. Identify multi-channel behaviourIn spite of of the eagerness of the company for online channels, various customers are chosen for using online channels and others customers are chosen conventional channels. This is an degree , be indicated by RFM and rejoinder examination since customers with a preference for an online channel is more reactive and make more use online. Customer who wishs online channels is focused mostly by online communications such as e-mail, but when customer like conventional channels is focused by conventional communications such as direct mail or phone. This is known as right-channelling.v. Tone and style preferenceIn a same way to channel liking, customers are respond in their own way to various types of message. Some customers like rational application, in that time a detailed e-mail may work best. On the other hand some customers are preferred an emotional appeal. Companies are test for this in customers or conclude it using profit description and response performance and then expand various inventive treatments consequently.2. Customer acquisitionProcesses used to add new customer. According to Turban (2008), customer acquisition refers to marketing activities think to form relationship with new customers while reducing acquisition cost and targeting high-value customers. Service value and selecting the right pathway for various customers are essential at this stage and during the lifecycle.The conventional manner to customer acquisition include a marketing manager developing a blend of mass marketing (billboards, magazine advertisements etc.) and direct marketing (mail, telephone, etc.) campaigns based on their knowledge of the particular customer base that was being focussed. Marketing campaign trying to pressure new customers to buy a particular type of diapers, the mass marketing ads might be ascertain in parenting magazines. The advertisements could also be positioninged in more conventional publications whose readership demographics were also to those of new parents.Customer acquisition is comparatively similar to mass marketing. A marketing manager selects the demographics that they are involved in and after that works with a data vendor to obtain lists of buyers who meet those features. The data vendors have large database holding millions of eventual customers that can be segment based on transparent demographic criteria.The idea of similar demographics has conventionally been an art rather than a science. Usually there are not hard-and-fast systems about whether two groups of buyers share the similar features. Most of the segmentation that took place in conventional direct marketing involves hunches on the division of the marketing professional.3. Customer retentionDafe Chaffey 2009 said that customer retention refers to the marketing actions taken by a company to keep its current customers. Identifying applicable offerings based on their personal needs and complete position in the customer lifecycle (e.g. purchase value or number) is key.Customer retention strategy aims to keep a high percentage of valuable customers and a customer development strategy aims to boost the value of those retained customer to the orga nisation. Customer retention is based on customer loyalty. And customer loyalty is the point to which a customer will continue with a specific brand or vendor.Customer acquisition to retain and live on create long-term customer relationship. We need to calculate customer satisfaction, as satisfaction drives loyalty and loyalty drives profitability. This relationship is exposed belowThe marketers aim is to push customers up the curve towards the affection zone. But the majority are not in that zone. Marketers must understand to achieve retention,why customers defers or are indifferent.4. Customer extensionThis technique is encouraging customers to increase their social function with a company. According to Turban 2008, customer extension is increasing the range of products that a customer buys from an organisation. Sometime it is referred customer development.Increasing the lifetime value ( clv) of a customer is the main objective of customer extension by encouraging cross-sell. Fo r example a customer of en credit card may be offered the loan or a deposit account.There are many of customer extension technique for CRM as followsRe-sell same type of products to existing customers-particular spanking in some Business 2 Business background as re-buys or modified re-buys.Cross-sell sell unnecessary products which may be closely related to the original buy.Up-sell this is mean, selling more expensive products.Reactivation Customers who have purchased for some time or have lapsed can be encouraged to buy again.Referrals generating sells from recommendation from existing customers.2.4 CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE MODELLINGCustomer Lifetime Value (CLV) is also an important speculation and practise of CRM. But the calculation of CLV is not straightforward. There are so many company, they do not calculate it. According to Dave Chaffey (2009) Lifetime value is the total net benefits that a customer or group of customers will provide a company over their total relationship with the company. CLV is based on estimating the income and costs related with each customer over a phase of time and then figure the net give birth value in present monetary footing using a discount rate value applied over the stage.Efraim Turban (2006) said there is various scale of complexity in calculating LTC. Those are exposed in figure 2.6. Option 1 is a realistic way or estimated proxy for emerging LTV, but the unbowed LTV is the rising value of the customer at individual level. CLV modelling at a segment level 4 is crucial within marketing since it answers the questionHow much can I afford to invest in acquiring a new customer?Lifetime value analysis helps marketers toCreate the true value of a companys customer baseRecognize and compare crucial target segmentCalculate the effectiveness of another customer retention strategyPlan and calculate investment in customer acquisition programmesMake decisions about product and offersFigure 2.7 gives an example of how LTV can be used to develop a CRM strategy for different customer groups. There are 4 (four) main types of customers are indicated by their present and future value as bronze, silver, atomic number 79 and platinum. Separate customers groupings (circles) are recognized according to their current value (as indicated by current profitability) and future value as indicated by CLV calculation.Every group will have a customer segmentation based on their demographics. Therefore this is used for customer selection. inwardly the four main value groupings, there are various strategies are developed for various customer groups. Few bronze customers such as group A and B practically do not have development potential and are usually unprofitable, therefore the objective is to reduce costs in communications and if they do not stay as customers this is acceptable. Some bronze customers like group C may have potential for growth therefore for group C the strategy is to pop off their purchases. Silver cu stomers are focused with customer extension offer and gold customers are extended. Platinum customers are the best customers therefore the communication is very important with these customers.2.5 THE TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS OF CRMAccording to Davenport and Short, (1990) Porter, (1987) information technology is an enabler to thoroughly redesign business process to achieve improvements in organisational performance. education Technology help helps a business process by facilitating changes to job practices and establishing new techniques to link a customer with organisations, suppliers and stakeholders (Hammer and Champy, 1993).Eckerson and Watson (2000) advocated that CRM take full advantage of technology to collect and analyze data on customer patters, expand predictive models, interpret customer behaviour, proper respond with communications, and deliver product and service to individual customers. By using technology a business can generate a 360 degree view of consumers to find out from past interactions to optimize future ones.Peppard (2000) said that the leading factors in CRM development are improvement in set of connections communications, client/server compute, and business cleverness application. CRM collect, store, maintain and distribute customer knowledge all over the organisation. The trenchant management of information has a vital role to play in CRM. In the case of scheming customer duration importance, consolidated view, product tailor and facility improvement, the information is essential. Along with data warehouses, enterprise resource planning (ERP) organization and the internet are the vital infrastructures to CRM application.Fickel (1999) said CRM application links motility office (e.g. marketing, sales and customer service) and back office (e.g. financial, logistics, operations and human resources) functions with the businesses customer contact point.A companys blot point is all of the communication, human and forcible interactions your customers experience during their relationship lifecycle with your organisation. Whether an commercial, Web-site, sales individual, store or office, finger points are vital because customers from perceptions of your organisation and brand based on their cumulative experiences(Source http//www.imediaconnection.com/content/4508.imc at 16/10/2009 on 1525)According to Eckerson and Watson (2000), CRM integrated touch points is something like a common view of the customer. A separate information systems controlled these touch points. Figure 2.8 demonstrates the correlation between customer touch point with back and front office operationsPeppers and Rogres, (1999) said In many companies, CRM is safe a technology solution that extends divide databases and sales force automation tools to link sales and marketing functions in order to develop targeting efforts. On the other hand some organisations consider CRM as a tool that is exclusively designed for one-to-one relationship. According to Goldenberg (2000) CRM is not just a tools application for sales, marketing and service, but when CRM completely and successfully implemented, customer-driven, a cross-functional, technology-integrated commerce process management scheme that improves relationships and encompasses the whole organisation.2.6 DATA WAREHOUSE engineering scienceAccording to Watson (2000) data warehouse is a tools of information technology management that helps business decision makers to instant access of information of customer data end-to-end the organisation by combining all database and operational systems like sales and transaction, human resource, inventory, purchasing, financial and marketing system. Data warehouse pull out, clean, convert and manage large volumes of data from various systems and creating a historical record of all customer.Data warehousing technology is the most crucial part of CRM because it makes CRM possible. Shepard et al. (1998) said a better understanding of customer beha viour is possible because data warehousing technology consolidates correlates and convert customer data into customer intelligence. Thoughts of customers and their buying pattern can improve information relating to customer service interactions, bill and account status, back orders, product returns, product delivery, and internal operating cost. The capacity of a data computer memory to store hundreds and thousands of gigabytes of data compose an analysis feasible as well as immediate.Organisational benefits with a data warehouse are as followsexact and blistering access of informationbad and reproduce data eliminate by quality data and filteringcustomer profiling and retention modellingit compute total present importance and approximate future value of every customerit gives detail report2.7 DATA MINING TECHNOLOGYPeppers and Rogres, (1999) said that the first uninflected step of data mining is to describe the data. Data mining summarize its statistical attributes like standard deviations and means, visually review it by use of charts and graphs and distributes the value of the field in our data. But totally data description can not provide an action plan. We have to build a analytical model based on pattern determined from known output and after that we have to test the model on result outside the original sample. An holy man model must never be puzzled with reality, but it is useful guide to understanding our businesses.According to Eckerson and Watson (2000) we can use data mining for both classification and regression problems. In first problem we can predict what type something will fall into. In second problems we are predicting a number like prospect that a person will react to an recommend. In CRM process, data mining is often used to allocate a score to a particular customer. Data mining is also often using to recognize a set of characteristics, which is called profile. Data mining segments customers in to groups with similar behaviour like purc hasing a particular product.2.8 THE CRM movement CYCLE IN BANKSPound (2000) said that exploration and alteration process should be done by the banks on basis of customer information captured this shows the full value of CRM initiatives. Banks set up a closed CRM cycle with the help of an integrated CRM solution, which composed of a set of continuous iterative process. It manages the whole customer related process for bank, analysing customer profile, customer data and life time value, which is helping to making marketing decision and optimizing the execution of marketing campaigns, customer service strategies and sales strategies across various channels during the bank.According to Professor Constantin Zopounidis (2002) CRM process cycle is based on a generic business view. It presents a continuous improvement of value between customers and banks across touch points.Pound 2000 said that recent banking data sources are extremely heterogeneous. Geographic information is dispersed r eceivable to continual acquisitions, mergers and reorganizations. For example a bank might use web site, ATMs, e-mail, sales, call centres and marketing automation applications that must be integrated in a unified environment of CRM banking. An effective multi-channels customer interface will not be possible without a centrally integrated warehouse driving the finished CRM process cycle. This should be update real time. The historical data should be recorded by it, which is used to create propensity models and customer life time value models to recognize past behaviour and action in order to take future marketing strategy.2.9 CUSTOMER DATA COLLECTIONKristin Anderson Carol Kerr (2002), said that in bankiCustomer Relationship Management in BankingCustomer Relationship Management in BankingABSTRACTToday the world is globalized and customers are well educated and well informed. This has increased the competition among the firms and organisations. The competition elevates the customer bargaining power and switching power to choose the best product and service. Therefore customer relationship has become a focus of importance to all the companies in order to retain the customer as well as maximize revenues. Today marketing is no more developing, delivering and selling of goods and services, it is moving towards developing and maintaining long term relationship with customers. Therefore relationship marketing has making its important in all the business sectors so as in financial services. Customers Relationship Management creates the opportunity through which the banks can benefit by developing good relationships with their customers.The aim of the project is to gain a better understanding how the CRM has benefited both the bank as well as its customers. This research also aims to identify how critically CRM has been practiced in Lloyds Banking Group, analysis the data mining process of Lloyds Banking Group, to find out the customer segmentation procedure of the ba nk to analysis the customer retaining strategy of the bank, to find out how does the bank measure customer life time value and to verify the relationship between the customers and the Lloyds Banking Group. To validate the purpose of the project has addressed to set of questionnaires, one is for Lloyds Banking Groups employees and other is for customers of the bank. The literature review has also help to understand the answer for the research questions. Both the quantitative as well as qualitative data collection techniques have been adopted namely, survey questionnaire and semi-structure interviews. Some data has also collected through interview of Lloyds employee and a group of their customers.Lloyds use CRM as an effective business strategy to classify the most profitable customers for bank. And accordingly bank gives priorities those customers through individualized marketing, reprising, flexible conclusion building and modify service-all delivered through a variety of sales chan nels that the bank use. Researcher has found that Lloyds is conducting a campaign management by using data mining task. This campaign helps to make crucial business decisions by exacting suitable, beforehand strange and ultimately logical and actionable awareness from huge databases.Researcher also has suggested suitable recommendations to the bank to improve the CRM practice in Lloyds Banking Group.1.0 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter provides the brief introduction of research. Furthermore, it also discusses the aims, objectives of the research questions and scope of the study.1.1 TOPIC OF THE RESEARCHCustomer Relationship Management of Lloyds Banking Group PLC A Critical Evaluation1.2 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCHPeter Drucker said, The purpose of a business is to create customers. Customer Relationship Management can be the single strongest weapon we have as manage to ensure that customers become and remain loyal. Customer Relationship Management (CRM), is an vital division of modern busines s organization. CRM concern the relation between the organisations along with its consumers. Consumers are the means of support of any business in a universal business with thousands of workforce and a multi-billion earnings, or a single broker with a handful of standard consumers. CRM is the same in principle for both examples.Globalization and technology improvements have pushed companies into hard competition. In this new era organisations are targeting on managing customer relationships, mainly customer satisfaction, in order to maximize revenues (Constantinos 2003). Today, marketing is not just developing, delivering and selling it is shifting towards developing and maintaining equally long term relationships with customers (Buttle, 1996). This new business values is called relationship marketing (RM), which has involved significant interest both from marketing academics and practitioners (Gronroos, 1994).The Greek philosopher, Epictetus said that what concern me is not the way things are, but rather the way people think things are (Szwarch, 2005, p.3). The concepts of consumer satisfaction were depending on the thinking of consumer. Research suggests that customer satisfaction, basic concept of relationship marketing, is important in achieving and retaining competitive advantage. Research studies have discovered that retaining current customers is much less expensive than attracting new customers (Desatnick, 1988 Stone et al., 1996 Bitran and Mondschein, 1997 Chattopadhyay, 2001 Massey et al., 2001). The best way to retain customers is to keep them satisfied, a number of studies have shown that customer satisfaction can guide to brand loyalty, repurchases intention and repeat sales (Day, 1984 Swan and Oliver, 1989 Oliver, 1999). Customer retention, in turn, seems to be related to profitability (Oliver, 1999).Relationship marketing is becoming significant in financial services (Zineldin, 1995). If a bank develops and sustains a solid relationship with its customers, its competitors cannot easily replace them and so this relationship provides for a continued competitive advantage (Gilbert, 2003). Moriarty et al. (1983) has suggested relationship concept in the banking sector which states that banks can increase their profits by maximising the profitability of the total customer relationship over time, instead of looking for to get more profit from any single transaction. Perrien et al. (1992) observed severe competitive pressures that forces financial institution to restructure their marketing strategies by developing into long-term relationship with customers. And banking industry purely related to financial services, which needs to create the trust among the people.This research is exploratory in nature and design. The data which is collected is going to be mostly primary data collected from the relevant persons within the bank. The data has gathered from the face to face interviews with the help of structured and semi-structured q uestionnaire with those persons. The above describe interviews has last 40 (fourty) to 45 (fourty five) minutes (approx). On the other hand the researcher has decided to collect primary data from random interviews of Lloyds Banking Groups customers. Sample size is around 200 customers and of structured questionnaire.But of course this research paper has relied on reviewing the various secondary data available from various researches such as books, magazines, website, previous research and publication etc. The collected data has been analysed by graphs, table and pi chart drawn from Microsoft excel.1.3 AIM OF THE RESEARCHThe aim of the research is to study why CRM is important in bank, how the CRM works in banks and also the effectiveness of Lloyds Banking Group in obtaining long term customer relationship, customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction by the use of CRM. And also suggest feasible recommendations to Lloyds Banking Group to increase the customer satisfaction and market s hare by the effective use of CRM.1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCHThe followings are the objectives of this researchTo study how critically practised in Lloyds Banking GroupAnalysis the data mining process of Lloyds Banking GroupTo find out how the bank segments their customersTo analysis how the bank retaining their customersTo find out how does the bank measure customer Life Time ValueTo verify the relationship between the customers and the Lloyds Banking Group1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDYThe scope of the study and research work has limited to Lloyds Banking Group only. This chosen level of aspects has stayed at large in the study so that it can be studied well and analyzed thoroughly to get a deeper understanding. Trying to cover too much ground may lead to a very superficial and confused analysis and may involve long time duration to complete the project work or report. Therefore a specified and narrow down approach with Lloyds Banking Group and an evaluation of its success has comprised with the researchers scope of the study to avoid confused analysis and a weaker report.1.6 OUTLINE OF THE SUBSEQUENT CHAPTERSChapter 1 INTODUCTIONThis chapter provides the brief introduction of the research. Furthermore, it also discusses the aims, objectives of the research questions and scope of the learning.CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEWThis chapter determines the theoretical issues relating to CRM which is relevant to the research.CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGYThis episode discusses about primary and secondary methods of research used by the researcher.CHAPTER 4 CONTEXTChapter 4 deals with the information about Lloyds Banking Group.CHAPTER 5 FINDINGSThis chapter deals with the result of primary data.CHAPTER 6 ANALYSISAnalysis part deals with findings in the context of literature review in chapter 2.CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONThis chapter includes the overall conclusion of the research. This chapter produce the conclusion compared and contrasted with the finding of the research and the literature r eview. It summarises the aims and key findings and acknowledges the limitation of the works.CHAPTER 8 RECOMMENDATIONSThis chapter is the last chapter of the research. This chapter provide the recommendation for the managerial implication in the Lloyds Banking Group. At the end, chapter provide recommendation for the future research.CHAPTER 9 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHYThis chapter includes a systematic list of books, web site and other works such as journal, magazine etc which have been used as secondary data or as reference in this research.CHAPTER 10 APPENDICESThis chapter contain all questionnaires and some graphs, chart and tables which have been made on the basis of customer survey.2.0 LITERATUREREVIEWThis chapter contains a review of literature relevant to the research. This literature review deals with, about CRM, the history and goals of an integrated banking CRM, the technological factor of CRM, the process cycle in banks, data warehouse technology, data mining process, how to analysis the data, customer segmentation process, communication strategies of bank to the customers etc.2.1 CUSTOMER RELATIONSIP MANAGEMENTExisting research states that relationships are the base to the successful development and edition of new business viewpoint, though business have taken care of relationships with their customers for many centuries (Gronroos, 1994). Sheth and Parvathiyar, (1995) said that relationships demand much more than mere transactions. Rather, they symbolize strategic and tactical issues based on a new philosophical move that geared in the direction of long-term organisation survival.According to Storbacka, (1994) relationship marketing got popular in 1990s but it has a long history under different names. In its starting, one-to-one marketing appeared in the mid 1990s, which transformed into Customer Relationship Management.Parvatiyar and Sheth gave a static definition of CRM. Customer Relationship Management is widespread tactic and process of acquire , retaining and partnering with careful consumers to create better-quality value for the business and the consumer (Parvatiyar and Sheth 2000, p.6)2.2 THE HISTORY AND GOALS OF AN INTEGRATED BANKING CRMAccording to Puccinelli (1999) the financial services industry as entering a new era where personal attention is decreasing because the institutions are using technology to replace human contact in many application areas.Sherif, 2002 advocated that, now global changes brought new trends, directions and new ways of doing business, which also brought new challenges and opportunities to financial institutions. In order to complete with newly increasing competitive pressures, financial institutions must recognize the need of balancing their performance by achieving their strategic goals and meeting continues volatile customer needs requirements. Different ways must be analyzed to meet customer needs.Foss said that banks are highly focusing on CRM for the last five years that is expected to continue.According to Peter (1998) and Chablo (1999) the main goals of an effective integrated CRM solution in the banking sector are to enable financial institutes toWiden customer relationship through acquiring new customers, identifying and targeting new segments and expanding in new markets.Lengthen the existing relationship developing longer term relationships, increasing perceived value of products and introducing new products andDeepen the relationship with customers initiating the cross selling and up selling opportunities, understanding the propensity of different customer segments to purchase and increase sales.The implementation if CRM system in a bank helps the business organisation to obtain a complete picture of their existing customers, design both customer-oriented and market-driven financial products and services, as well as implement extensive and reliable financial marketing research and efficient campaigns, to achieve and enhance customer loyalty and profitabili ty.The above goals can be achieved through the seamless integration of information technology solutions and business objectives at every process of the bank business that affects the customer.2.3 THE PHASES OF CRMThe main phases of CRM are as followsCustomer selection or SegmentationAccording to Dave Chaffey (2009), customer selection is defining the types of customers that a company will market to. It means identifying different groups of customers for which to develop offerings and to target during acquisition, retention and extension. Different ways of segmenting customers by value and by their detailed lifecycle with the customer are reviewed.Many companies are now only proactively marketing to favoured customers. Seth Godin (1999), says Focus on share of customer, not market share fire 70 per cent customers and watch your profits go upAccording to Efraim Turban (2008), the most sophisticated segmentation and targeting schemes for extension of customers are often used by banks, which have full customer information and acquire history data as they search for to boost Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) through encouraging increased use of products overtime. The segmentation approach used by banks is based on five main basics which in result are covered on top of each other. The amount of options used, and therefore the complexity of approach, will depend on resources obtainable, opportunities, capabilities and technology afforded by catalog.i. Identify customer lifecycle groupsWhen guests use online services then they basically pass those seven or more stages. The organisations have clear these segments and establish the CRM infrastructure to categories customers in this manner then they deliver focused messages, whichever by modified web messaging or by e-mails that are triggered routinely because of various rules. First-time guests recognized by a cookie placed on their PC. When guests registered, they are tracked through the residual stages. The customers who have purchased one or more products are one particular important group. The key challenge is for a company to encourage a customer to shift from the first product to the second and then go on. Explicit offers can be try to push customer for further products. In the same way, when customers turn into an inactive then the customer required follow-up.ii. Identify customer profit characteristicsThis is a conventional segmentation which is based on the nature of customer. For Business 2 Business Companies it includes sex, age and geography. It includes volume of the organisation and the type of sector or application, the organisation operates in.iii. Identify behaviour in response and purchaseAs shown in figure 2.2 through analysis of data base when customer progress through the lifecycle, company is capable to build up a detail reaction and buy history which judges the details of frequency, recency, group of product buy and monetary value. This approach is known as RFM (Recency, Frequen cy, Monetary value) analysis.iv. Identify multi-channel behaviourIn spite of of the eagerness of the company for online channels, various customers are chosen for using online channels and others customers are chosen conventional channels. This is an degree, be indicated by RFM and rejoinder examination since customers with a preference for an online channel is more reactive and make more use online. Customer who likes online channels is focused mostly by online communications such as e-mail, but when customer like conventional channels is focused by conventional communications such as direct mail or phone. This is known as right-channelling.v. Tone and style preferenceIn a same way to channel liking, customers are respond in their own way to various types of message. Some customers like rational application, in that time a detailed e-mail may work best. On the other hand some customers are preferred an emotional appeal. Companies are test for this in customers or conclude it using profit description and response performance and then expand various inventive treatments consequently.2. Customer acquisitionProcesses used to add new customer. According to Turban (2008), customer acquisition refers to marketing activities intended to form relationship with new customers while reducing acquisition cost and targeting high-value customers. Service value and selecting the right path for various customers are essential at this stage and during the lifecycle.The conventional manner to customer acquisition include a marketing manager developing a blend of mass marketing (billboards, magazine advertisements etc.) and direct marketing (mail, telephone, etc.) campaigns based on their knowledge of the particular customer base that was being focussed. Marketing campaign trying to pressure new customers to buy a particular type of diapers, the mass marketing ads might be determined in parenting magazines. The advertisements could also be positioned in more conventional publica tions whose readership demographics were alike to those of new parents.Customer acquisition is comparatively similar to mass marketing. A marketing manager selects the demographics that they are involved in and after that works with a data vendor to obtain lists of buyers who meet those features. The data vendors have large database holding millions of eventual customers that can be segment based on explicit demographic criteria.The idea of similar demographics has conventionally been an art rather than a science. Usually there are not hard-and-fast systems about whether two groups of buyers share the similar features. Most of the segmentation that took place in conventional direct marketing involves hunches on the division of the marketing professional.3. Customer retentionDafe Chaffey 2009 said that customer retention refers to the marketing actions taken by a company to keep its current customers. Identifying applicable offerings based on their personal needs and complete positio n in the customer lifecycle (e.g. purchase value or number) is key.Customer retention strategy aims to keep a high percentage of valuable customers and a customer development strategy aims to boost the value of those retained customer to the organisation. Customer retention is based on customer loyalty. And customer loyalty is the point to which a customer will continue with a specific brand or vendor.Customer acquisition to retain and extend create long-term customer relationship. We need to calculate customer satisfaction, as satisfaction drives loyalty and loyalty drives profitability. This relationship is exposed belowThe marketers aim is to push customers up the curve towards the affection zone. But the majority are not in that zone. Marketers must understand to achieve retention,why customers defers or are indifferent.4. Customer extensionThis technique is encouraging customers to increase their involvement with a company. According to Turban 2008, customer extension is increa sing the range of products that a customer buys from an organisation. Sometime it is referred customer development.Increasing the lifetime value (CLV) of a customer is the main objective of customer extension by encouraging cross-sell. For example a customer of Egg credit card may be offered the loan or a deposit account.There are many of customer extension technique for CRM as followsRe-sell same type of products to existing customers-particular vital in some Business 2 Business background as re-buys or modified re-buys.Cross-sell sell extra products which may be closely related to the original buy.Up-sell this is mean, selling more expensive products.Reactivation Customers who have purchased for some time or have lapsed can be encouraged to buy again.Referrals generating sells from recommendation from existing customers.2.4 CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE MODELLINGCustomer Lifetime Value (CLV) is also an important theory and practise of CRM. But the calculation of CLV is not straightforwa rd. There are so many company, they do not calculate it. According to Dave Chaffey (2009) Lifetime value is the total net benefits that a customer or group of customers will provide a company over their total relationship with the company. CLV is based on estimating the income and costs related with each customer over a phase of time and then calculating the net present value in present monetary terms using a discount rate value applied over the stage.Efraim Turban (2006) said there is various scale of complexity in calculating LTC. Those are exposed in figure 2.6. Option 1 is a realistic way or estimated proxy for future LTV, but the true LTV is the future value of the customer at individual level. CLV modelling at a segment level 4 is crucial within marketing since it answers the questionHow much can I afford to invest in acquiring a new customer?Lifetime value analysis helps marketers toCreate the true value of a companys customer baseRecognize and compare crucial target segmentC alculate the effectiveness of another customer retention strategyPlan and calculate investment in customer acquisition programmesMake decisions about product and offersFigure 2.7 gives an example of how LTV can be used to develop a CRM strategy for different customer groups. There are 4 (four) main types of customers are indicated by their present and future value as bronze, silver, gold and platinum. Separate customers groupings (circles) are recognized according to their current value (as indicated by current profitability) and future value as indicated by CLV calculation.Every group will have a customer segmentation based on their demographics. Therefore this is used for customer selection. Within the four main value groupings, there are various strategies are developed for various customer groups. Few bronze customers such as group A and B practically do not have development potential and are usually unprofitable, therefore the objective is to reduce costs in communications and if they do not stay as customers this is acceptable. Some bronze customers like group C may have potential for growth therefore for group C the strategy is to extend their purchases. Silver customers are focused with customer extension offer and gold customers are extended. Platinum customers are the best customers therefore the communication is very important with these customers.2.5 THE TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS OF CRMAccording to Davenport and Short, (1990) Porter, (1987) information technology is an enabler to thoroughly redesign business process to achieve improvements in organisational performance. Information Technology help helps a business process by facilitating changes to job practices and establishing new techniques to link a customer with organisations, suppliers and stakeholders (Hammer and Champy, 1993).Eckerson and Watson (2000) advocated that CRM take full advantage of technology to collect and analyze data on customer patters, expand predictive models, interpret custom er behaviour, proper respond with communications, and deliver product and service to individual customers. By using technology a business can generate a 360 degree view of consumers to find out from past interactions to optimize future ones.Peppard (2000) said that the leading factors in CRM development are improvement in set of connections communications, client/server compute, and business cleverness application. CRM collect, store, maintain and distribute customer knowledge all over the organisation. The effectual management of information has a vital role to play in CRM. In the case of scheming customer duration importance, consolidated view, product tailoring and facility improvement, the information is essential. Along with data warehouses, enterprise resource planning (ERP) organization and the internet are the vital infrastructures to CRM application.Fickel (1999) said CRM application links front office (e.g. marketing, sales and customer service) and back office (e.g. finan cial, logistics, operations and human resources) functions with the businesses customer contact point.A companys touch point is all of the communication, human and physical interactions your customers experience during their relationship lifecycle with your organisation. Whether an commercial, Web-site, sales individual, store or office, finger points are vital because customers from perceptions of your organisation and brand based on their cumulative experiences(Source http//www.imediaconnection.com/content/4508.imc at 16/10/2009 on 1525)According to Eckerson and Watson (2000), CRM integrated touch points is something like a common view of the customer. A separate information systems controlled these touch points. Figure 2.8 demonstrates the correlation between customer touch point with back and front office operationsPeppers and Rogres, (1999) said In many companies, CRM is just a technology solution that extends divide databases and sales force automation tools to link sales and marketing functions in order to develop targeting efforts. On the other hand some organisations consider CRM as a tool that is exclusively designed for one-to-one relationship. According to Goldenberg (2000) CRM is not just a tools application for sales, marketing and service, but when CRM completely and successfully implemented, customer-driven, a cross-functional, technology-integrated commerce process management scheme that improves relationships and encompasses the whole organisation.2.6 DATA WAREHOUSE TECHNOLOGYAccording to Watson (2000) data warehouse is a tools of information technology management that helps business decision makers to instant access of information of customer data throughout the organisation by combining all database and operational systems like sales and transaction, human resource, inventory, purchasing, financial and marketing system. Data warehouse pull out, clean, convert and manage large volumes of data from various systems and creating a historical re cord of all customer.Data warehousing technology is the most crucial part of CRM because it makes CRM possible. Shepard et al. (1998) said a better understanding of customer behaviour is possible because data warehousing technology consolidates correlates and convert customer data into customer intelligence. Thoughts of customers and their buying pattern can improve information relating to customer service interactions, bill and account status, back orders, product returns, product delivery, and internal operating cost. The capacity of a data storehouse to store hundreds and thousands of gigabytes of data compose an analysis feasible as well as immediate.Organisational benefits with a data warehouse are as followsexact and faster access of informationbad and duplicate data eliminate by quality data and filteringcustomer profiling and retention modellingit compute total present importance and approximate future value of every customerit gives detail report2.7 DATA MINING TECHNOLOGYPe ppers and Rogres, (1999) said that the first analytical step of data mining is to describe the data. Data mining summarize its statistical attributes like standard deviations and means, visually review it by use of charts and graphs and distributes the value of the field in our data. But alone data description can not provide an action plan. We have to build a analytical model based on pattern determined from known output and after that we have to test the model on result outside the original sample. An ideal model must never be puzzled with reality, but it is useful guide to understanding our businesses.According to Eckerson and Watson (2000) we can use data mining for both classification and regression problems. In first problem we can predict what type something will fall into. In second problems we are predicting a number like prospect that a person will react to an recommend. In CRM process, data mining is often used to allocate a score to a particular customer. Data mining is also often using to recognize a set of characteristics, which is called profile. Data mining segments customers in to groups with similar behaviour like purchasing a particular product.2.8 THE CRM PROCESS CYCLE IN BANKSPound (2000) said that exploration and alteration process should be done by the banks on basis of customer information captured this shows the full value of CRM initiatives. Banks set up a closed CRM cycle with the help of an integrated CRM solution, which composed of a set of continuous iterative process. It manages the whole customer related process for bank, analysing customer profile, customer data and life time value, which is helping to making marketing decision and optimizing the execution of marketing campaigns, customer service strategies and sales strategies across various channels during the bank.According to Professor Constantin Zopounidis (2002) CRM process cycle is based on a generic business view. It presents a continuous improvement of value between cu stomers and banks across touch points.Pound 2000 said that recent banking data sources are extremely heterogeneous. Geographic information is dispersed due to continual acquisitions, mergers and reorganizations. For example a bank might use web site, ATMs, e-mail, sales, call centres and marketing automation applications that must be integrated in a unified environment of CRM banking. An effective multi-channels customer interface will not be possible without a centrally integrated warehouse driving the entire CRM process cycle. This should be update real time. The historical data should be recorded by it, which is used to create propensity models and customer life time value models to recognize past behaviour and action in order to take future marketing strategy.2.9 CUSTOMER DATA COLLECTIONKristin Anderson Carol Kerr (2002), said that in banki