Islamic Pottery Essay Example for Free

Islamic Pottery EssayMedieval Islamic clayware occupied a geographic position between Chinese ceramics and the clayware of the Byzantine Empire and Europe. For nearly of the period it can sensibly be said to have been between the two in terms of aesthetic achievement and determine as well, borrowing from China and exporting to and influencing Byzantium and Europe. The use of drinking and eating vessels in gold and silver, the apotheosis in ancient Rome and Persia as well as gothic Christian societies, is prohibited by the Hadiths, with the result that pottery and glass were use for tableware by Muslim elites, as pottery (but less a great deal glass) as well was in China, but was much rarer in Europe and Byzantium. Islamic restrictionsIn the same behavior Islamic restrictions greatly discouraged figurative wall-painting, encouraging the architectural use of schemes of decorative tiles, which are the most distinctive and original speciality of Islamic ceramics.Era of Isla mic PotteryThe era of Islamic pottery started around 622. From 633, Muslims armies moved rapidly towards Persia, Byzantium, Mesopotimia, Anatolia, Egypt and later Andalusia.Early History of Islamic PotteryThe early narration of Islamic pottery remains somewhat obscure and speculative as little evidence has survived. apart(predicate) from tiles which escaped destruction due to their use in architectural decoration of buildings and mosques, much early medieval pottery vanished. The Muslim world inherited significant pottery industries in Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, North Africa (African Red Slip) and later other regions. Early Medieval (622-1200)A distinct Muslim style in pottery was not firmly established until the 9th century in Iraq (formerly Mesopotamia), Syria and Persia. During this period pieces mainly used white tin-glaze. Information on earlier periods is very limited. This is largely due to the lack of surviving specimens in goodcondition which also limits the interest in the study of ceramics of these periods. The most highly regarded technique of this centre is the use of calligraphy in the decoration of vessels.Chinese influence on Islamic PotteryDuring the Abbasid dynasty pottery yield gained momentum, largely use tin glazes mostly in the form of opaque white glaze. Some historians, such as Arthur Lane, assign the rise of such industry to Chinese influence.Three main phasesAccording to Lane, the influence of Chinese pottery progressed in three main phases. The first contact with China took place in 751 when the Arabs defeated the Chinese at the Battle of Talas. It has been argued that imprisoned Chinese potters and paper makers could have taught the Muslims the art of pottery and paper-making. In 800s Chinese sto smartare and porcelain reached the Abbasids. The second phase took place in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, a period storied for the decline of pottery industry following the fall of the Seljuk dynasty. This period also saw the impingement of the Mongols who brought Chinese pottery traditions. The third phase was in the fifteenth century, when much of this influence came through imports make from Tang, Song and Ming dynasties at the hand of Zheng He.Islamic innovationsFrom between the eighth and eighteenth centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was predominate in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacifiedglazing, for the production of tin-glazed pottery, was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. Middle (12001400)By this period the distinctive Islamic tradition of decorate wall tiles had emerged, and continued to develop together with vessel pottery in a way anomalous to Islamic art. The Seljuks brought new and fresh inspiration to the Muslim world, attracting artists, craftsmen and potters from all regions including Egypt. In addition to continuing the production of similar (although more refined) tin and lustre glaze ceramics, the Seljuk s (in Persia) were credited for the introduction of a new eccentric sometimes known as Faience. This is made from a hard white frit paste coated with aboveboard alkaline glaze.Examples of Islamic Period PotteryGlazed potteryUnglazed potteryGlazed potteryGlazed pottery is typical for the Islamic Period in Egypt, but there is evidence that is was already introduced in the Byzantine Period (Engeman 1990). In contrast to Faience and the glazed materials of the Pharaonic period, true glass was used as glazing. Colours were produced by adding metallic oxides. When transparent it could be applied over paintings.Unglazed potteryWater jugs had often filters built into the neck for keeping out the flies. Especially the examples from Egypt are produced with great delicacy. near of the pottery of daily use produced in the Islamic period (including down to today) is unglazed. Vessels of uncertain function, with compact theoretical account suggestions for use vary from military projectiles to storage of vintage wine.